/r/financialindependence
This is a place for people who are or want to become Financially Independent (FI), which means not having to work for money.
Financial Independence is closely related to the concept of Early Retirement/Retiring Early (RE) - quitting your job/career and pursuing other activities with your time.
At its core, FI/RE is about maximizing your savings rate (through less spending and/or higher income) to achieve FI and have the freedom to RE as fast as possible.
This is a place for people who are or who want to become Financially Independent (FI), which means not being required to work for money, providing the freedom and flexibility to do what you want.
Before proceeding further, please read the Rules & FAQ!
Rules | FAQ | Books | Relationships |
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Financial Independence is closely related to the concept of Early Retirement/Retiring Early (RE) - quitting your job/career and pursuing other activities with your time. This subreddit deals primarily with Financial Independence, but additionally with some "RE" concepts.
At its core, FI/RE is about maximizing your savings rate (through less spending and/or earning higher income) to achieve FI and have the freedom to RE as soon as you wish. The purpose of this subreddit is to discuss FI/RE strategies, techniques, and lifestyles whether you are retired or not.
FI/RE is about:
Discovering and achieving life goals: “What would I do with my life if I didn't have to work for money?"
Simplifying and redesigning your lifestyle to reduce spending. Your wants and needs aren't written in stone, and less spending is powerful at any income level.
Working to increase your income and income streams with projects, side-gigs, and additional effort
Striving to save a large percentage (usually more than 50%) of your income to accelerate achieving FI
Investing to make your money work for you, and learning to manage/optimize those investments for the unique nature of FI/RE
Retiring Early
FI/RE is NOT about:
Gaining wealth for the purpose of excessive consumption
Taking the slow road, or the traditional road to retirement
Becoming financially independent requires hard work and a healthy attitude towards money, but also a degree of privilege. When participating on this subreddit, please be mindful of the ways in which you are lucky.
Please read the FAQ and Rules above, then feel free to share your journey or ask for advice!
FI/RE must-reads!
"Build the life you want, then save for it."
"A 'Normal Guy' and his take on FIRE"
ERN's Safe Withdrawal Rate Series
Archive of previous Daily Discussion threads.
Most recent FIRE survey results.
AMAs with William Bengen, Mr. Money Mustache, Wade Pfau, etc., have been archived here.
FI Blogs sorted by Alexa rank (500k min)
Forums
More to read
Tools
Books / Resources
Reddit resources
Closely related subs
Regional FI/RE
Regional Personal Finance
Money subs
Lifestyle (frugal) subs
/r/financialindependence
Please use this thread to have discussions which you don't feel warrant a new post to the sub. While the Rules for posting questions on the basics of personal finance/investing topics are relaxed a little bit here, the rules against memes/spam/self-promotion/excessive rudeness/politics still apply!
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Crossed $1M Net Worth on the Path to Financial Independence – Small Celebration, Big Motivation!
Just checked our finances and realized we’ve hit a big milestone: a net worth north of $1.05M! It doesn’t feel all that different from a few months ago, but it’s another step closer to our ultimate goal of financial independence. We’re planning a little celebration at Texas Roadhouse this weekend to mark the occasion. Here’s where we currently stand:
37M, single-income household with SAHM wife (34) and twin 3-year-old girls. Annual compensation of $185K including bonus and stocks, located in MCOL.
Assets:
Stocks, CDs, investments, etc.: $525K
401K: $295K
Roth IRA: $23K
Emergency Savings Fund: $30K
Savings Account: $22K
HSA: $24K
Home mortgage: $379K, with $166K in equity
Liabilities:
2 cars, one Pallisade and another Accord, owe a total of $34K. No credit card debts.
Still feels like there’s a long way to go, but passing this milestone has given us renewed motivation to stay disciplined and keep moving forward. Here’s to the journey!
There was a conversation in the comments section of a post that blew my mind from about a week ago, in which it was stated that there comes a time in which it no longer makes much sense to continue contributing to 401k. Essentially, it was stated that once the account has reached a certain amount, the natural/organic growth of the account from compound interest, dividends, and market performance significantly outweighs the impact that your individual contributions can make. I had never considered this possibility before and had always figured I had to continue contributing right up until the day I'm ready to retire.
Well, now I'm wondering if I've already reached that stage. I'm 44 years old and want to retire at 59 1/2. My wife and I have approximately $1.3M in 401k accounts. If I'm contributing the annual maximum each year then that contribution only makes up approximately 1% of the growth of the account for that year. Whereas compound interest, dividends, and market performance make up for the remaining 99% of the growth for that year.
If I stop contributing now, then I've got 15 years for the account to grow on its own, without me contributing anything to it. I don't know how to do the math to estimate how much it could/should be worth in 15 years using conservative estimates. I'm hoping someone here might know how to do that. If I want to be able to spend at least $100,000 per year (in today's dollars) at that time, will my 401k have enough to be able to do so?
EDIT: I really need to stop making posts right before I go to bed. But based the responses so far, I think I need to add some additional clarifications.
I should mention that my wife does not have her own 401K. She's been a SAHM for most of our marriage. So we really are only contributing at most $23K per year; not $46K.
We do have other sources of income as well. We own a duplex outright that's worth about $500K and cash flowing about $3K per month in rental income.
We have not yet paid off our primary residence. We owe about $270,000 on the mortgage with a 3.125% interest rate. It's worth about $800,000. So we have about $500K in equity in our primary residence.
We have about $100K in cryptocurrency (ETH/BTC).
We have 3 daughters. Each of them have their own 529 college fund with only about $20K. One of them is already in college and burning those funds fairly quickly. The other two are in their teens.
Net worth including everything is about: $2.58M.
Some have asked, what would we do with the money that we would no longer be contributing to the 401K. This is where I may be a little greedy.
Ideas are:
There are several charts on what products are likely to suffer if tariffs are implemented, and everything points to them moving forward with this. Below is one breakdown from Forbes, The Economist has more info. I'm working on my budget for next year and plan to tighten things up as much as possible, less eating out and other non-essential things. I'm also looking into what I should replace or stock up on now. Basically, try to get things squared away before January and triple down on my savings.
I'm curious to hear if your budgeting strategy is changing, or what you're doing to prepare for the economic changes we're likely to see.
How Tariffs Could Add to Prices
Consumers likely would pay billions of dollars more on a variety of goods:
Please use this thread to have discussions which you don't feel warrant a new post to the sub. While the Rules for posting questions on the basics of personal finance/investing topics are relaxed a little bit here, the rules against memes/spam/self-promotion/excessive rudeness/politics still apply!
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Like the title says. Hypothetically say you hate your job and the stress it causes and the issues it causes at home you also have to switch back and fourth from night shift to day shift every month. Day and night shifts are also 14 hr days. Say the annual income is $225,000.
BUT you have 600K invested properly in the stock market and have a overall net worth of $880K at the the age of 31.
How many people would keep hating life because of the high paying job vs how many people would take a pay cut and a typical 8-5 job something you enjoy doing and be home more with the family?
Hey everyone,
I’m a 30M and I’m thrilled to share that I’ve officially crossed the 200K net worth milestone! It feels amazing to reach this point, but I know there’s still a long journey ahead.
I don’t really have anyone in my personal life to celebrate this accomplishment with, so I figured I’d share it here. I’m looking for insights on where to allocate my money moving forward. I want to make smart decisions and continue growing my wealth.
Any advice on investment strategies, savings plans, or resources to check out would be greatly appreciated! Thanks in advance for your help!
Brokerage account – 28,385.34 Roth IRA – 34,812.16 Brokerage account #2 – 31,719.78 Roth 401K – 88,961.51 HYSA – 16,913.51
Cheers!
I've been diving deeper into retirement planning and have a question about Safe Withdrawal Rates (SWR) for international investments.
The classic 4% rule is often tied to the S&P 500. However, I'm diversifying my portfolio with ETFs like IWDA and VXUS to capture international developed market exposure.
Here's my question:
I'm curious to hear your thoughts and experiences.
Hi all, with an S-Corp and a Solo 401k, can I deduct the 401k contribution and deposit it at a later date without any issues? I may need to possibly run payroll 11/30 and deposit in December, absolutely no later than 12/31.
I’m just waiting for the Solo 401k to be open so I can make the deposit.
Thank you!
Hey everyone,
I just hit $100k net worth today at age 22. This is a massive milestone for me, and I felt like sharing it here because I don’t really have anyone in real life I can talk to about this kind of stuff. I’m super proud and thought this community might appreciate the journey I’ve been on.
How It Started
I got into personal finance in 2020 at 18. I was fresh out of high school, and like a lot of people, I started binge-watching YouTube videos about money management, investing, and living frugally. I didn’t have a big salary, but I made it a point to invest whatever I could, even if it was just small amounts.
I focused on dollar-cost averaging into ETFs, stocks, and a tiny bit of crypto (nothing crazy there). I’ve always been okay with taking risk, given that I have some decent time on my side. Currently, most of my portfolio is in high-conviction stocks, and I plan to hold them for the long haul—30, 40 years, or even longer.
I’ll be honest: I made a ton of mistakes early on. I bought into hype stocks and things I didn’t fully understand. That worked in 2021 when the market was pumping, but 2022 hit me hard. At one point, I was down more than $10k, and it sucked seeing my portfolio bleed.
But I kept going, sticking to my plan, even though it felt rough. I knew I need to not let my emotions control me, and that these are the times where I can scoop up good stocks for cheap prices. Looking back, I’m glad I didn’t panic. Fast forward to today, and after 4 years of steady investing, I’ve hit that $100k milestone with about 40% lifetime returns. Still pretty surreal to me.
Some more information about me:
When I graduated high school, I started working a modest-paying job. I was still living with my parents, so I used that time to save aggressively and invest as much as I could. But that job wasn’t fulfilling and I was miserable at work, so I decided to teach myself some skills on the side, mainly how to code. I spent a lot of late nights learning, and eventually, I landed a job at a local company developing software for banks.
I really enjoy it there, and my salary is pretty good but still anything crazy—it’s pretty average for where I live (I’m in Central Europe). Still, I’ve been diligent about investing a significant portion of my income.
Why I’m sharing this:
Honestly, I just wanted to put this out there because it’s been such a big goal of mine. I’ve been following this sub for years, learning so much from all of you, and it’s been a huge part of my journey.
If anyone has tips on how to keep improving or ways to stay sharp, I’m all ears. I know I’m still early in the game, and I’d love to hear from people who’ve been doing this longer and are further along in their journey.
Thanks for reading, and a huge shoutout to everyone here for being such a great resource.
Peace Tobi
Hey everyone, I'm single, still renting, and this year's been tough since I’ve been unemployed for most of it. But despite the challenges, I just hit $1 million in assets for the first time, thanks partly to recent stock market gains!
It's been quite a journey since 2015, when I had about zero dollars to my name, and was sleeping on the floor, sharing a single room with another guy after exhausting nearly all my savings. That year I landed my first job as a software engineer.
Once I get my next role, I plan to put most of my cash toward a down payment on a condo and start building some roots.
Here’s how my assets break down:
I’ve consistently maxed out my 401(k) over the years, made a few solid stock picks (and some duds), and learned a lot along the way. Grateful to have made it this far!
I know people are far ahead of me in this subreddit but I am so excited. I was raised in a lower middle class family where credit cards were the norm. Saving for retirement was an afterthought. When my parent's divorced, I watched my parents struggle financially. It's hard to watch them still make such poor choices with spending. I was lucky to graduate college without any loans between merit based aid and part time work. I still racked up credit card debt in college and it was 2017 before I really started making better choices financially. Began 2017 with about 5k in credit card debt, 12k in a car loan, making 37k a year. Rounding out 2024 with no debt, making 78k a year.
51k in Roth IRA - VTSAX
50k in 401k
28k in HYSA, saving for a house
No debt.
I turned 30 in May this year. I could have more saved for sure but I prioritize a few trips a year (most notably, took my grandfather to Yellowstone last Fall and really glad to have that memory...this year he was diagnosed with dementia that is progressing fast. Very glad that I didn't put this trip off.)
Anyways, I guess I am just proud of myself. But I don't want to brag to people who know me. So I'm bragging to strangers..some who certainly wouldn't find this bragworthy :) I worked hard, budgeted hard, and certainly lucked out in some ways (low rent payment, no student loans). I get a lot of inspiration from the people in this sub. I need to get my income up to get myself on a better path to retiring early because I know I'm not far along in that aspect...but working on it!
Please use this thread to have discussions which you don't feel warrant a new post to the sub. While the Rules for posting questions on the basics of personal finance/investing topics are relaxed a little bit here, the rules against memes/spam/self-promotion/excessive rudeness/politics still apply!
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God willing, we're planning to have our first child next year and are deciding between these two health insurance plans - what would you select with the assumption that we'll likely hit the out of pocket max?
Plan Options | Per Year Premium | Deductible | Out of Pocket Max | Total Cost (Premium + Out of Pocket Max) |
---|---|---|---|---|
BCBS High Deductible w/ HSA | $2,772 | $3,300 | $6,600 | $9,372 |
BCBS PPO | $3,624 | $1,000 | $4,000 | $7,624 |
High Deductible Option:
- Employer contributes $1,650 to HSA making potential cost $7,722 ($9,372 - $1,650)
- In Network: 10% coinsurance for primary, specialist, urgent, emergency etc.
- Out of Network: 40% coinsurance for primary, specialist, urgent, emergency etc.
- Hospital Delivery is 10% Coinsurance In Network
- We are in the 24% tax bracket and would max our the HSA so want to factor in reducing taxable income, but don't know how to calculate that impact exactly
PPO Option:
- No HSA
- $20 Copay/Visit for Primary including OBGYN ; $35 Copay/Visit for Specialist ;
- Hospital Delivery is 10% Coinsurance In Network
Don't really feel comfortable sharing this with people I actually know, but wanted to share with someone! This is a post I've been waiting to make for a while, didn't think it'd come so quick :)
(The one I'm really looking forward to is the 1M, but we'll need to put in more work for that one)
Allocations:
Income and Net Worth Over the Years:
Year | Gross Income | Net Worth (EOY) |
---|---|---|
2019 | $20k | $10k |
2020 | $40k | $70k |
2021 | $109k | $170k |
2022 | $124k | $150k |
2023 | $180k | $300k |
2024 | $195k YTD | $500k YTD |
Graduated college in 2020, current income is ~$260k, working in tech (gross income is weird due to RSU vesting). NW growth has been a lot better in the past year or two from the stock market doing well, really starting to see how strong investments are in NW growth!
A Long Story of a 5 year sabbatical that started in 2014, the original thread can be found here. Those 5 years were some of THE BEST years of my life. I was dirt poor, but WEALTHY with time and experiences.
After 5 years off, fear crept in, and I was crippled with self doubt. I went back to work.
During the last 5 working years I have paid off my house (worth 550K) paid off my 2019 car, and saved on average 60% of my income. I live in a HCOL making 100k before rental income
I've house hacked this entire time with two housemates in separate ADU's for additional income of 20k per year.
All of my personal and household bills (property tax, cell phone, internet, electric, gas, garbage, etc) total 18k per year
I've somehow managed to save $750k in various accounts, and I admit the Bull Run of the last few years has been a significant part of that increase.
I think I can make the final FIRE leap.
I would like to continue my modest spending rate of 40k per year adjusted for inflation
20k would come from rent, and 20k would come from the brokerage/401k
There is a slight chance pension fund that has been in critical status for the last 10 years may still be available, providing 750-1k /month, but I am not hopeful the pension plan will remain solvent
If I can keep the ADU's rented until I reach 70, I will pull SSI at 70
I am having One More Year Syndrome and can't seem to make the leap.
As 2024 comes to a close, the time to rebalance comes closer and closer. I'm no stranger to re-balancing, but after the stellar performance of this year, my equities are taking up a huge chunk of my AA.
So as a responsible adult, it is time to cut the winners and buy the losers.
But as many of you know, buying bonds is... not very exciting, and one really feels one is leaving (a lot) of money on the table.
So how do you bond buyers motivate yourself to do it?
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A somewhat popular book within the FIRE community is Die With Zero by Bill Perkins (2020). In the book, Perkins does his best to convince the reader that life is short, and instead of maximizing your net worth, you should work to maximize your overall life fulfillment by spending more money when you're young and able to maximize your enjoyment of many activities.
In Chapter 7, Perkins talks about "Time-Bucketing", or thinking of the decades of your life as a histogram in which you can allocate your money/activities. For example, a trip to hike the Appalachian trail should probably go in your "30's" bucket when you have the health to maximize your enjoyment of that activity (as opposed to your "70's" bucket).
Perkins talks about studies which show that on their deathbeds, people tend to regret working too much. He doesn't explicitly expound on this, but my mind took this to its logical conclusion:
To more clearly get the picture of my question, imagine the stereotypical, college-educated, American working family: Graduate high school, then optionally attend college, then get a 'real' job, then get married, then have kids, then they leave the house, then you retire, then you rest/relax/have fun/etc. In my (albeit likely skewed) vision of this typical household, the working parent(s) are likely in the midst of the peak of their career while their kids are still under their roof. As an example, would it make sense to scale back or quit working while your kids are young so that you can spend quality time with them, then go back to work with gusto when your peers are coasting into retirement?
Assuming this makes some sense to you, my next question is this: how, in the USA, might you actually accomplish something like this? Is our system set up for this at all? Am I describing a mid-life BaristaFIRE?
Thinking about this is really challenging my old mentality of accumulating wealth while young, then spending down while older. I'd love to know if this challenges or affirms your thoughts/plans, too.
29 years old with 300k in net worth as of today. Was tracking NW here and there throughout the year and got lucky with fluctuations recently. Here's the breakdown:
$232k in IRA/HSA/brokerage (Mostly VTI or FZROX and some GOOG in brokerage)
$29k in 401k (VTSAX)
$29k in Crypto
$2.5k in Gold
$10k in Cash
Not as impressive as other users on there but still proud of the NW that I built so far. Slow and steady wins the race. I work in IT (of course lol). Come from SEA region after completing highschool. Did bachelors & masters on scholarship. Now a first gen American (Woohoo!). Relatively above average savings rate at 50%. Lived in LCOL (middle of nowhere) for majority of the time and moved to HCOL 1 year ago for lifestyle change.
Did not have access to 401k until recently. TC is not crazy (started at 50k in 2018 and now 97k), although I do some contracting gigs on the side that adds 50k to 100k on the side bolster the savings (I think last year TC hit 200k). Decided to take a break from contracting till next year to focus on my hobbies. Feel like I can take my foot off the gas a bit but always open to suggestions.
Okay, so I wanted to start a post to discuss how people are planning for the possibility of no longer having an ACA Subsidy. Please do not bring up anything political in regards to this, just about the overall implications.
Obviously the first thought is just "duh, save more, spend less". The first part is easier if you haven't already FIRE'ed, but what about those that have?
My concern isn't our current healthcare costs ignoring the subsidy but as we age. I know it will go up by a very large amount as we get closer to Medicare eligibility.
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Thank you, Mod Team
what are your thoughts on it? Am on the fence. It seems to be more expensive to have children these days, as coming from an Asian country, you would provide for then far beyond 16 years of age typically.
Self-promotion (ie posting about projects/businesses that you operate and can profit from) is typically a practice that is discouraged in /r/financialindependence, and these posts are removed through moderation. This is a thread where those rules do not apply. However, please do not post referral links in this thread.
Use this thread to talk about your blog, talk about your business, ask for feedback, etc. If the self-promotion starts to leak outside of this thread, we will once again return to a time where 100% of self-promotion posts are banned. Please use this space wisely.
Link-only posts will be removed. Put some effort into it.
Please use this thread to have discussions which you don't feel warrant a new post to the sub. While the Rules for posting questions on the basics of personal finance/investing topics are relaxed a little bit here, the rules against memes/spam/self-promotion/excessive rudeness/politics still apply!
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Right now I have a roth IRA and no balance in my traditional/rollover IRA accounts. I was going to roll over my 401K and park it in the Rollover IRA ($400K). The only downside I can see is if I want to do a roth conversion where I contribute after tax dollars to my Traditional IRA and then convert to Roth. Since I have the 401K pretax money, I would have to pay the pro rata tax on this conversion. Is this correct? Any other downsides?
I've had analysis paralysis regarding the mix of asset classes of stocks in my asset allocation. My goal, like most, is to pick and stick with an asset allocation that provides the most compensated risk. I know there is no clear answer here, and I'm not really asking about that.
I've done well being in the "VTSAX and chill" club over the past decade with roughly 85/15 US/INT large cap blend. My gut, however, feels that a floating world-cap allocation (currently ~65/25 US/INT) intrinsically just makes the most sense. It feels like the right optimal long-term bet that innovation/capitalism will continue in the world, BUT, given the returns of international vs US over the past several decades, I'm a little gun shy to shift my allocation that way.
To try and make a decision I've also learned about Paul Merriman's portfolio concepts and I find them interesting. I watched his "bootcamp" on YouTube and it seems that his thesis is to "tilt" your portfolio to have a larger weight in underrepresented asset classes. Over a 50+ year period his blend of portfolios have run laps around S&P over the past 50 years. The returns along with the comparable volatility looks incredible. I'm most interested in the worldwide "ultimate buy and hold" here. It's very enticing.
However, I have a bone to pick. In the videos he basically just reviews charts of different mixes and their historical returns. Fine, but if I'm going to put a ton of money in these things I need to know the theory of why small or mid caps or emerging markets deserves to be overweight relative to the value it has in the overall global market. Maybe I missed it? Otherwise it just feels like cherry picking asset classes based on historical results?
I'm just wondering if I'm missing something here, and maybe this is all just fool errand. When approaching asset allocation is the best course just to decide on an allocation and stick to it no matter what? In that case, I guess I'm team world-cap.
tl;dr: I'm choosing a long term stock asset allocation. I'm decideding on an all-world large cap blend, but I'm also interested in tilting towards different AAs given long term returns.However, I'm not convinced that tilts are just historical cherry picking. Is the best thing to just hold what I'm the most comfortable with (VTWAX) and never let go?
Hi All
TLDR: 6-years into FIRE journey "as planed". Fell in love and now live gets complicated. How to balance FIRE in relationship and the question of kids or no kids with an ideal job/commuting setup.
This is a slightly longer and more philosophical post. A mix between personal reflections after 6 yrs. on the FI(RE) journey sparkled in with some questions about family/kids/relationships. As I don't know any other friends on the FIRE-journey I'm sharing it with you dear internet strangers. Thank for reading and your thoughts:)
Background
M33, Europe, non-married (but with a SO), Finance background. I was spending my early 20s doing simple custumer service job and partying/traveling a lot of it away. - Went back to school part-time at 23 and finally had my "first real full-time income" rather late at 27. I really started my FIRE journey and tried to keep on my "student lifestyle" for as much as possible. I was motivated by the FI aspect and the idea of freedom to choose where to live (expat-fire) and how to allocate my time.
Net Worth currently stands at USD 461k split as follows
My current expenses are at about 62k of which around 9k go towards travel etc.. - I rent in a VHCOL city and have roommates.
Below "my history in USD". - The Investment colum only includes the contributions into my brokerage and the roth-IRA equivalent ast the 401k equivalent contributions (and the employer match) are very standardized in my country (9.2% of gross, split evenly) and you don't really have a say there. Net worth includes the 401k equivalent.
Year | Income (Gross) | Investments | Net Worth | Comments |
---|---|---|---|---|
2013 | 58k | 35k | ||
2014 | 53k | 42k | started part-time studies and reduced workload | |
2015 | 57k | 55k | ||
2016 | 41k | approx. 5k | 32k | 3 months exchange semester abroad |
2017 | 54k | approx. 7k | 53k | |
2018 | 69k | 12k | 73k | started my first "real job" in September |
2019 | 102k | 20k | 108k | |
2020 | 111k | 50k | 172k | |
2021 | 106k | 30k | 244k | Got laid off in june; started new job in november |
2022 | 112k | 32k | 261k | |
2023 | 140k | 53k | 344k | |
2024 YTD | 125k | 40k | 461k | Had to replace my old car for 10k |
Personal reflections on the journey
Questions
I'm currently maxing my Roth IRA and investing in VTSAX and have my trad 401k going strong in index funds.
I also have a taxable brokerage im looking to build up so I can use that to help fund retirement prior to normal retirement accounts.
What should I be investing in that account to balance out my portfolio?
Thanks in advance.
Please use this thread to have discussions which you don't feel warrant a new post to the sub. While the Rules for posting questions on the basics of personal finance/investing topics are relaxed a little bit here, the rules against memes/spam/self-promotion/excessive rudeness/politics still apply!
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