/r/TurkicHistory
This subreddit is dedicated to anything related to the Turkic countries up until and through the year 2000. We encourage friendly discourse, debates, questions, articles, discoveries, or anything else relevant within the given time period.
Welcome to /r/TurkicHistory!
This subreddit is dedicated to anything related to the Turkic countries up until and through the year 2000. We encourage friendly discourse, debates, questions, articles, discoveries, or anything else relevant within the given time period.
Sovereign Turkic states
Northern Cyprus
Autonomous Turkic regions
- In Azerbaijan
- Nakhchivan
- East Turkestan (Uyghuristan)
- (various Salar, Kyrgyz and Kazakh counties)
- South Azerbaijan
- Altai Republic
- Bashkortostan
- Chuvashia
- Karachay-Cherkessia†
- Kabardino-Balkaria†
- Khakassia
- Sakha Republic
- Tatarstan
- Tuvan Republic
- Karakalpakstan
- Crimea
†: Shared with Circassians
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/r/TurkicHistory
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The origin of the Turkic peoples：Amur River Hunter-Gatherers
In archaeogenetics, the term Ancient Paleo-Siberian is the name given to an ancestral component that represents the lineage of the hunter-gatherer people of the 15th-10th millennia before present, in northern and northeastern Siberia.
Ancient Paleo-Siberian=30–36% (Afontova Gora/ANE) +64–70% (AR14k/ANEA)
The source for the East Asian component among Ancient Paleo-Siberians is to date best represented by Ancient Northern East Asian populations from the Amur region older than 13,000 years
AR14k/C2a1a-F1699 has three main sub-branches：
1，C2a1a1-Y10418 ,its downstream branches F3918 Expanded into Siberia during the Mesolithic
2，C2a1a2-M48 (AR13-10K)
3，C2a1a3-M504 (Outer Manchuria/Boisman）
Differentiation of C-F3918
P39 (Native American)
YP5260
C-YP5260:
F15910 (Mongolia_N_North，MNG_East_N)
F1756 (ARpost9k)
F1756 (ARpost9k)：
F3830（West Liao River/WLR，Xianbei）
Y10420（Slab Grave，Xiongnu）
AR means Amur River
AR9k=Ancient sample from Amur River Basin 9000 years ago
Bronze Age West Liao River farmers=Amur hunter-gatherers + Yellow River farmers, close to Mongols, Tungus, Japanese, and Koreans
Bronze Age Ulaanzuukh have a purely Amur ancestry
Modern Japanese people are considered a mix of both Yayoi and Jomon ancestry：
1，AEA>Jomon
The Ancient East Asians (AEA) diverged into the Jomon and ANEA/ASEA around 35kya
2，AEA>ANEA>ANA（Mixed with YR）>West Liao River farmers>The Yayoi people
Ancient Northern East Asian（ANEA）are inferred to have diverged from Ancient Southern East Asians (ASEA) around 20,000 to 26,000 BCE
Northern Han Chinese mostly carry ANEA ancestry（Neolithic Yellow River farmers+ part Amur ancestry）with a moderate degree of ASEA admixture
The ANEA can be differentiated into broadly three sub-groups, namely the “Ancient Northeast Asians“ (ANA), “Neo-Siberians", and "Yellow River farmers".
The image below shows: Neo-Siberian expansion
Simplified migration routes of the IUP and UP expansion waves:
The origins of a family of languages including modern Japanese, Korean, Turkic and Mongolian date back some 9000 years to AR9k
AR9k, Ancient Paleo-Siberians (such as Cisbaikal_LNBA), MNG_North_N, MNG_East_N.... can all be traced back to AR14k
Neo-Siberians, Yellow River farmers (YR), and Ancient Northeast Asians (AR14-19k) can all be traced back to ANEA(25kya)
00:14 UTC
Which modern Turkic nation is genetically closest to the "original" Turkic people?
23:47 UTC
result of a friend from mersin
15:13 UTC
Y-DNA of Turkmens from various geographical locations
07:30 UTC
Does your Turkic language have Open/Closed E differentiation?
Turkish heavily employs open [æ] and closed [e] E distinction. Although not represented in orthography, speakers do use these two vowels. The language follows a strict set of rules to determine which E's are open and which are closed (see here for examples and rules).
Similarly, I know that Azerbaijan Turkish also has this distinction, and theirs is also shown in writing [ə/e].
Question to native Turkic speakers: does your language have the open/closed E distinction? If it does, are there specific rules for it like in Turkish?
Question to linguists/people interested in Turkic linguistics: is this distinction present in Proto-Turkic or was it a later development?
17:49 UTC
Genetic average of Eastern and Western Göktürks. Göktürks are genetically very close to modern Altaians, Kyrgyz and Kazakhs.
11:23 UTC
Is Old Turkic ancestral to all Common Turkic languages or just the Siberian branch?
I have seen conflicting opinions online, according to some all Common Turkic languages descend from the Old Turkic language from the Orkhon inscriptions, yet Old Turkic is classified into the Siberian Turkic branch, wouldn't this mean that the Kipchak, Oghuz and Karluk branches don't descend from it and were already separate languages by the time of the Göktürks? Or does it simply mean that the Siberian Turkic languages are more archaic and have just preserved more features of Old Turkic than the other branches?
09:55 UTC
Altaian - Tuvan - Sakha
04:09 UTC
Khazar DNA sample from Ukraine
22:36 UTC
TheYtree adds Ancient Dna of the Hungarian Aba Family
N-M2019(Northeastern Siberian)>M2058(Slab Grave)>M2016(Yakuts) and A9408(Aba Family)
N-M2019 first appeared in the Yakutia region of Siberia, belongs to Yakutia_LNBA（4.7kya）and originated from Transbaikal_EMN（N-L392，M2126）(brn003,brn008/Neo-Siberian)（6-7kya)
N-M2058(Neo-Siberian and Northeast Asian admixture), appeared in Slab Grave（2.8kya）, whose descendants include Yakuts, chuvah，Even and Hungarian Aba Family
The primary Y-chromosome DNA haplogroup for the Yakut is N-M231
N1a1a1a1b (M2118,M2019)>Y10755>M2058（Slab Grave）>Yakuts
The remaining haplogroups :
R1a-M17 (including subclade R1a-M458/Slavic )
C-M217 (including subclades C-M48 and C-M407)
N-P43（N1b）
Archaeogenetic analysis revealed East Eurasian paternal origin to the Aba royal family of Hungary
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2589004224021175
00:41 UTC
Kyrgyz - Uzbek - Turkish
09:35 UTC
Genetic Origins of Turkish people
23:27 UTC
Rais of Tatarstan, Rustam Minnitsarov spat on Uyghurs' souls
13:45 UTC
Are MONGOLS and TURKIC the same people?
03:50 UTC
Early Türks cluster close to modern Altaians, Kyrgyz, and Kazakhs. Just like the Huns. Later Central Steppe Türks became more diverse.
08:04 UTC
The origin of the Turkic peoples：Q-M120，C-F1756，Q-L330，N-TAT
Ancient Paleo-Siberians（APS/Q+C2）generally refers to the indigenous population of Siberia, prior to the expansion of Neo-Siberians（N-TAT）.
The formation and expansion time of Ancient Paleo-Siberians was roughly 9kya-25kya
Neo-Siberians（N-TAT）migrated into Siberia much later, the expansion time was roughly 5kya-9kya
APS includes: Kolyma, UKY , Dzhylinda（C-F1699）, irk030 as well as Baikal_LNBA and Yakutia_MN（Q-YP4010）
Kolyma1：Q-Y222276
Ust-Kyakhta（UKY001）：C-F12319
Neo-Siberians includes: Transbaikal_EMN or Baikal_EN, Yakutia_LN
It should be noted that nearly every male in the Baikal region with Yumin-like ancestry was y-hg N1a
All males of Yakutia_LNBA carry subclades of haplogroup N also found in the Transbaikal_EMN population（N-TAT）
N-TAT>N-M2126（Transbaikal_EMN）>Z1979(Yakutia_LNBA)>CTS6967(Krasnoryarsk_BA/kra001)>L1026（Proto-Uralic）
Ancient Paleo-Siberians（ANE+ANEA/Q+C2）≈30%-40%ANE（Afontova Gora）+60%-70%ANEA（AR19K and AR14K）≈80% East-Eurasian ancestry
ANE itself is a mix of West-Eurasian and East-Eurasian lineages and is estimated to have about 22%-50% East-Eurasian ancestry（paternal line side from Tianyuan/P，maternal lineage side from Eastern europe/kostenki）
P1 is Ancient North Siberians (ANS) (Yana RHS)
R or Q is Ancient North Eurasians (ANE) (Mal'ta and Afontova Gora)
Some branches of These Ancient Paleo-Siberians（Afontova Gora+AR19K and AR14K）belong to haplogroups C-F3918 and Q-F746, which gave rise to ( MNG_North_N, MNG_East_N ) and ( ARpost9K/C-F1756, AR9.2K/Q-M120)
C-F3918（APS）>YP5260（9-10kya）>F1756（ARpost9K）
C-F3918>YP5260>F15910>TY140960（MNG_North_N, MNG_East_N ）
Q-Y570(Afontova Gora/AG-2)>F746 (APS)>YP1500>M120（AR9.2K）
Q-M120（AR9.2K）>Y630（Qiqihar/Heilongjiang)>F750（Ulaanzuukh-Slab-grave）
Ancient Northeast Asians/ARpost9K, AR9.2K（Q-M120，C-F1756）> West Liao River farmers/WLR_BA_o/Upper Xiajiadian culture（Mixed with Neolithic Yellow River farmers/YR）>Proto-Mongols origin
Ancient Northeast Asians/ARpost9K, AR9.2K（Q-M120，C-F1756）>Ulaanzuukh-Slab-grave culture
Ancient Northeast Asians（Houtaomuga）>Trans-Baikal EMN（Neo-Siberians/N-TAT）> Yakutia_LNBA，Krasnoryarsk_BA/kra001> Proto-Uralic origin
Neo-Siberian ancestry stands in contrast to Paleo-Siberian ancestry, which is associated with other language families, such as Yeniseian.
Ancient Paleo-Siberian（Afontova Gora+AR14K）>Cisbaikal_LNBA（Q-L330 Mixed with Neo-Siberians/N-TAT）>Baikal_EBA> Deer Stone Khirigsuur Complex (DSKC,Khövsgol_LBA) and Mönkhkhairkhan > Proto-Yeniseians origin
The Yeniseians were possibly associated with West-Xiongnu ，they absorbed and assimilated a lot of East-Iranian（Scythian, Wusun...）and Tocharian elements..
East-Scythians：R1a-Z93（S23592）
Wusun：R1a-Z93（FGC82884）
Loulan/Tocharian/Zhagunluke：R1b2-PH155（PH200）
09:50 UTC
Turkmen wedding in kaldar district, balkh province, afghanistan, 1973 |📷 Ronald & Sabrina Michaud
18:41 UTC
Western_Liao_River_BA_o
14:51 UTC