Cubism is a twentieth-century avant-garde art movement, pioneered by, among others, Pablo Picasso and Georges Braque; that revolutionized European painting and sculpture, inspiring related movements in music, literature, and architecture. In Cubist artworks, objects are broken up, analysed, and reassembled in an abstracted form—instead of depicting objects from one viewpoint, the artist depicts the subject from a multitude of viewpoints to represent the subject in a greater context. Often, the surfaces intersect at seemingly random angles, removing a coherent sense of depth. The background and object planes interpenetrate one another to create the shallow ambiguous space, one of Cubism's distinct characteristics.