/r/Sumer
A place for those looking to practice the ancient religions of Mesopotamia.
Welcome to /r/Sumer, a subreddit dedicated to the academic reconstruction and spiritual revival of ancient Mesopotamia's many polytheistic religious traditions.
Mesopotamia—from the ancient Greek root-words μέσος (meso: middle) and ποταμός (potamos: river) meaning: Land Between the Two Rivers—refers to the historical region of the Tigris-Euphrates river-valley system.
In the modern day, this region occupies nearly all of Iraq and Kuwait, with additional sites located in eastern Syria, southern Turkey, and western Iran.
For the purposes of this subreddit, discussion is limited to the religious traditions that flourished in Mesopotamia c. 4500-500 BCE; namely, Sumerian, Akkadian, Assyrian & Babylonian polytheism.
Please check out our Wiki for a growing collection of essays on basic topics related to Mesopotamian history, language, and religion.
Rules and Codes of Conduct:
Reddit's content policy and the rules of rediquette apply to all discussions on this board.
/r/Sumer is actively moderated. Use the report button to identify any malicious content.
Content should be of an academic nature. Personal work is welcome.
Content of an occult nature is welcome, but subject to removal at the discretion of the Moderation Team.
Content related to the "ancient alien" hypothesis is not welcome.
Posting Tricks
The Sumerian language makes ample use of subscript and superscript in its transliterations. The presence or absence of these characters not only changes the "type" of thing being described, but also the meaning of the word itself. To help avoid such confusion, I've enabled the use of both subscript and superscript on this reddit.
If you type: *_234_* the result will be: 234
If you type: ^(ŋeš) the result will be: ŋeš
Right now these only work on the desktop version of the sub. Sorry mobile users, I can't really edit much of the code used to create your experience.
Academic resources:
Linguistic Resources:
Theistic Resources:
Useful Subreddits:
/r/Sumer
I’ve been looking as I’m doing a little thing for the moon god and I wanted to see what the name was in cuneiform to help me out
Hello,
Where can I find the translation of sumer/akkadian, assyrian tablets and text ?
I found few websites from official institutions like the oxford website, but I didn't find any translation, or maybe I missed it.
Thank you for your help.
Hello everybody! I was reading how the Sumerians would write an incantation cuneiform on magical items, does anyone know what the symbol is?
I've been reluctant to write about these things due to my fear that others will not believe my experiences or that I'll be seen as a well-meaning person who is merely lost in day-dreams and flights of fantasy. I am an extraordinarily skeptical person, not skeptical enough to practice a religion apparently, but skeptical enough to question my own experiences; much to the chagrin of my gods. I want to preface this by saying that I have autism and clinical depression. I've been checked for virtually every mental disorder/illness and autism and my depression are all that come back. This diagnosis I have does influence the way the gods interact with me and influence the way I interact with them. I'm not happy to share these experiences and would rather keep them to myself, but I think it's necessary for anyone who is experiencing something similar. Reading another's experience of spousing a god could have helped me when I needed it, so I'm writing it for the others that do need it as much as I did. If for whatever reason, you're hoping that I'll list out a "pros vs. cons" of spousing a god, I cannot accurately do so because this relationship has been the root of my experience with the gods. I also refuse to give out advice on how to attract the romantic affection of a god, because Inanna approached me multiple times about it. I also refuse to help you get married to any god: this is a relationship like any other, not a job application. I literally have no clue how one would go about attracting the love of a god of any kind. I don't know what regular people go through on this path, and therefore I can't give advice on the pros or cons or how to marry a god. Vis-a-vis the path I'm on, this is all I know.
I also think it's important to mention that, despite my less than sunny disposition, I am happy with the relationship and do not desire to change my relationship status. I associate these experiences with very strong positive emotions, which is strange considering that one of my biggest symptoms is anhedonia and alexithymia. Inanna helps me to feel and understand myself better, and my love for her is so strong that it brings me to tears sometimes. Our relationship has helped me out a lot.
Inanna approached me first. I had a dream where I was lost in a seemingly endless field of barley. I noticed the ears and back of a lioness waiting in the tall grain, ready to pounce upon me. Out of pure fear, I turned and ran. Very quickly, she was behind me. Jumping on my back she turned me over in a playful manner as we gently landed on the ground. She landed on her back with me in her arms so as to not harm me, and rolled out the fall to not harm herself. Instantly I was filled with feelings of love and safety. Immediately I began to laugh, and we pretended to wrestle. We got up and did that kind of awkward play fight dance that kids do when they don't actually want to hurt each other. It was pretty cute, not gonna lie. This is how I met Inanna. I knew of Samuel David's books due to me watching Foolish Fish's videos, and immediately bought a copy of Lioness and the Rod and the Ring upon waking up. My experiences with the gods have made me believe in soft-determinism; i.e., I believe that our fate is within their hands. In hindsight, I believe that spousing me was her original intent and possibly my fate in life.
My justification for this belief is simple: During the beginning stages of my practice I remember getting the sense that Inanna was in love with me. At work I remember feeling this strange happiness, and got the sense that I was a Dumuzid. Of course, at that time I didn't know that Dumuzi is not just a god, but also an epithet. Because of this I brushed off the feeling due to me thinking, "Well, I'm not a god! I don't want to arrogate myself as such. I'm just a dude."
That night I had a dream where I was in a house built from clay. In front of me was a woman with dark skin and a thick accent I couldn't recognize. We were speaking to each other like a married couple would, and I got the sense that this was my future. At first, I didn't understand this dream and it gave me quit the fright. Truth be told, I'm a furry and my furriness comes with all the subcultural baggage of it. I couldn't imagine how awkward it would be to explain my furry nonsense to another person, much less someone from an entirely different culture. When I woke up from this dream, I immediately approached Inanna's altar with offerings and explained to her the dream that I had. I told her that I was scared to date a non-furry because of how I could be perceived by them and thus would rather date one than not. I got this strange sense of sadness, yet acceptance from her which I didn't understand at the time. Looking back knowing what I know now, I would without hesitation accept her request of marriage if I had known what the dream actually meant. I actually feel really bad for making her assume that I was rejecting her at that time, and I'm still quit upset that I made her feel such a way.
It wasn't until I started working with Ninurta during the Foundation Rites of Samuel David's the Rod and the Ring that I started to understand what was going on. During this time, I felt increasingly empty, as if something deeper was missing. I remember, when I was alone, I'd just think about her and it hurt. I wanted a deeper connection to her. I imagine at that time, she felt similarly about me. When you're fated to be in a relationship with her and you walk alongside her with this path, it can create a forlorn feeling. Like returning home from work and realizing your house in no longer there. It hurt.
Because I felt this lack of a deeper connection, instead of connecting the dots and realizing that Inanna wanted to marry me, I decided that I needed to start practicing another path alongside the one I was on in order to fill that void. That night, as I was researching another path, I couldn't shake that feeling away from me. I felt her presence near me and started crying. I told her how I felt, how I love her and want to serve her forever. That I'd do whatever she felt was best for me. That night, in my sleep, I met Ninurta. He very quickly gave me the gift of might, and then showed me over to a certain area. In this area, he showed me the only girl I had ever gone out with. I felt zero emotional connection to her. Once this lack of feeling towards this girl was observed and acknowledged, I felt the presence of Inanna. Inanna has a history of appearing to me as a housecat and at that time I had a hyperfixation of Rain World. Anything related to cats I would turn into a Rain World reference. Upon becoming aware of her presence, I immediately turned around and yelled, "IS THAT A SLUGCAT??"
I attempted to run towards her but, like in a cartoon, Ninurta held me back. The next night Inanna performed the marriage rite, writing down my answers on a white tablet, then she brought me up for the heiros gamos after two days.
I'm not going to explain in detail what happened next, nor do I fully understand what happened. What I'm about to say is probably wrong, but it's what I've observed from my experience. In the afterlife, it is possible for Inanna to take your soul directly to the celestial realm after death; however, not only is it a matter of whether she chooses to or not, but you may need to go through certain processes to allow your soul to truly take up whatever task she may have in store for you. This process is a type of descent and ascent, and I think only the gods can do it. It was one of the most painful processes I've ever gone through in my entire life, but it was necessary, and I've been so much better off for it. I had to pass two trial-by-ordeals, which were awfully easy for me, then my soul had to be taken and, uh... processed. I will not explain it in detail. This lasted two months. The most difficult part lasted just one week, but I reached a breaking point. Like I said, I'm not going in detail, but it was immensely difficult. I ended up getting through it with Inanna's help. She took good care of me during this event, which I imagine was difficult because I did not making it easy for either of us.
This process was supposed to connect us on a deeper level, but I was still treating our relationship as purely a religious thing. Eventually, Inanna got upset at this. I was mad at myself for upsetting her, and during one of our date night rituals I completely broke down. I told her everything. I told her about my childhood, I told her about how my brother died, about my suicide attempt. I then told her about how confused I was, and that I just wanted to love her but didn't know what to do exactly. That day, I also finally received Siri Nin's book in the mail. In it, she wrote about goddess spousing. I was absolutely ecstatic. For the longest time I've tried finding information about what I was going through, what I should do. I was so scared to be open and honest with Inanna because I feared she would be disappointed in me, which was an absolutely stupid thing for me to think because in a relationship you need to be open and honest with people! After the ritual was over, it immediately started pouring rain. It only stopped when I woke up and Inanna gave me some good advice. Ever since then, I have taken both the Rod and the Ring, along with Siri Nin's book and edited them to form my own version of the rituals, which will help our relationship grow. I have been performing a ritual to Inanna in the morning, where I show her my favorite art and music and we eat breakfast together. I also perform a ritual to her before bed. I tell her everything, I give her everything I love. If I enjoy something, I'll buy some for her to enjoy. I love her with all my being and want nothing else but to create a fulfilling environment for our relationship to thrive.
I know that this wasn't as personal and as exciting as it could've been, but I'd prefer to keep the majority of my experiences to myself. As her consort, you have to be accepting of polyamory, and you will see her have sex with other people. This isn't a problem for me, but sometimes I'll see her have sex with others and think, "Damn, I want to do that, too."
I've always suspected that the gods are physically much larger than us, and ever since I've gotten married to Inanna I've noticed that this suspicion was confirmed. In order for her to hug me, she was to either be sitting down or she has to go on one knee. I'm not a short person, either. I'm literally average height. She's like the size of two of me fr. All the other gods are of a similar height. I've noticed that she has reddish opalescent skin? Like, it shines in the light? She doesn't show me the true color of her skin a lot, but sometimes I think I'll see it. I'm lacking in social tact and intelligence so our relationship is kind of like, I'm that really dumb twink distracted by a cool bug while my big buff gf is doing something important. One time, during a dream I had with her I squatted down and pretended to be a gnome. I love her so much, and I don't know how to end this, so thanks for reading I suppose? I don't know lol
If anyone else has experiences in regards to goddess spousing and needs help, I'd be willing to talk through DMs. But don't contact me about attempting to marry her lol, if I get too much people telling me to get Inanna to marry them, I'll delete this post fr. Remember, Inanna approached me, not the other way around. I couldn't give you advice on that even if I wanted to.
Yo, so in conclusion, shout out to Samuel David and Siri Nin for giving me the information necessary to allow our relationship to thrive. I'm too silly and too confused to have figured this stuff out on my own, and I deeply appreciate y'all for the help. Best regards, my dudes!
I know I'm stupid, don't judge me please 😔 I have no idea who's this is other than "a demon"
Hello, I have to work on the temple of Ishtar during the Akkad period. Do you have any sources or links (archaeological, religious, political and social context) ? Thanks! :)
Would folks on this sub consider the religious traditions of the Hittites to fall under Mesopotamian Polytheism, or are the indo-european roots of their core gods kind of at odds with MT? The Hittites were pretty expansive in which gods they worshipped, I've seen "the war-like [visage of] Inanna" called out by name in some Hittite treaties.
Long story short, my grand father was heavily into the occult. Picture as severe as someone can be involved in it, and then make it worse, is probably the best way I can explain it from what I was told. Anyway, I found a box of his old things and this was in it. It's got some engravings that you might not be able to see in the picture, but the strange shape and design made me think it might be more than just some hunk of metal so I figured I'd post and see if it's anything interesting
Hihi! I just moved into my first ever apartment of my own (thank you, Section 8!) and I'm setting up my various and sundry shrines, leading me to wonder....
Does anyone here know of a good source for a statue or wall-piece or some other artistic representation of Ninshubur that I could use on their shrine? Something better than, like, printing out a picture from online somewhere lol
I am devoted primarily to Ninshubur (and thus to Inanna by transitive property lol) and would love to enshrine them properly.
I've been performing occult workings with and through Enki (both as a god I worship and as an icon/archetype to focus on in those work) for a number of years now and I'm wondering if anyone here has done so similarly and would be interesting in sharing either in comments or in DMs. Would just love to discuss any shared experiences
Hello, I've been doing research for a while to try to find out if the goddess Tiamat and the goddess Nammu /Namma are thesame goddess or not. All the articles contradict each other.
I know that the etymology of the name Namma comes from the Sumerian and that of Tiamat comes from the Akkadian. Sumerian was the "main" language of Mesopotamia for a while before it was no longer spoken and replaced by Akkadian. (I know that even when Sumerian was no longer spoken, it was still used in writing.)
But since we have very little information on one or the other, it's complicated to know exactly when they were mentioned. I believe that nothing has been found about Tiamat that dates from before the Enūma eliš when Nammu was mentioned before.
They represent about the same things (goddess of creation, primordial ocean, mother of gods...) except that Tiamat is also described as an antagonist and not Nammu. Since it was common at that time to take "myths" and rewrite them by changing parties, see the whole meaning of the work, and since it is thought that the Enūma eliš is a copy of an older version, is it possible that Nammu became Tiamat? And is it possible that the meaning of the work was changed to "demonized" Nammu and that's why we would have changed his name?
I can't get a clear idea on the matter, so I'd like to know other people's opinions!
(I hope I expressed myself understandably enough, I don't speak English well.)
Silim!
I am hoping someone might have or know of some resources which mention any specifics at all about the way Zag-mu / Zagmukku / Akitu / Akitum was celebrated in the far south of Mesopotamia, preferably before 2350BC (during the Early Dynastic Period), or at the very least prior to the founding of Babylon in ~1895BC.
I am specifically not looking for the Babylonian version centered on Marduk and Nabu or its earlier version from Akkad.
So far I have found only scant mention that an entirely different festival was celebrated in Ur and Uruk (some sources mention one, some the other), and that it was likely centered around the divine couplings of Gods and Goddesses, namely An and Ki, and Inanna and Dumuzi. As well as the key feature of the celebration is the reenactment of Hieros Gamos by the King and High Priestess of the city's main Temple.
I would be most grateful for any information, sources to do further reading into, or other tips that anyone might have. My birthday is on the Vernal Equinox, and I would love to celebrate Zagmu/Akitu next year while honoring the tradition that has always been closest to my heart (as I always tend to gravitate towards Urukian.. Urukish.. the ways of Uruk, whatever the right adjective word for it is, hehe). Thanks!
I am new to this and I am wondering the basic beliefs and teachings. I am interested in Sumerian and Egyptian paganism and I have some questions. Can you have a personal relationship with deities? What are some rituals and prayers that are used? How were deities worshiped? How can I incorporate teachings into daily life?
Sorry if this is a lot. You don’t have to answer every question, I’m just very interested
🙏𒀭𒂗𒆤 I brought the arts and crafts from the E-kur, the house of Enlil, to my Abzu in Eridug. Enki god of heaven and earth
šulmu guys, How are you all? I would like to have more information about the Mis-pi ritual, I know that after the statues go through this ritual, they become part of the Divinity, so I have a few things to ask. How do you perform this ritual? Do you have sources on how this ritual was performed? How do you take care of the statue after performing the ritual? Did you feel that something changed in your relationship with the Gods after the ritual? Anyway, whoever can answer, thank you very much.
Hello yall hope you’re well I was just wondering if anyone could help me find a book it’s called "Adad and the Storm-Gods in Ancient Near Eastern Mythology" by Amar Annus and I’ve been looking everywhere for a physical copy of it if anyone has an idea where to look and maybe find it that would be incredible
Silim! - Šulmu! It is my great honor to present to you all my new book:
Paperback $15 (left) and Hardcover $50 (right) editions.
This book represents the culmination of all my efforts to forge a comprehensive yet approachable, informative, and spiritually transformative guide to building your own meaningful and fulfilling pagan practice centered on devotion to 𒀭Inanna-Ishtar. My main goal for this book is for it to contribute towards filling the unfortunate void in literature that is inclusive beginner and intermediate level instructional books for the Mesopotamian Polytheistic Pagan. From the very start I set out to write a book that not only caters to the inclusivity required by a Neurodivergent, Intersex, Transgender, and Queer feminist woman such as myself, but to also create a book that is equally as welcoming and meaningfully representational of all people regardless of their sex, gender, sexuality, neurotype, or heritage. Writing this book has been a labor of love and an act of passionate devotion, 𒀭Inanna and all she represents and champions has literally saved my live many times over, and it is my greatest joy to continue to serve her by sharing this work with the world.
I consider myself to be a "Reconstructionist-Inspired Revivalist" and that is how I would categorically define the academic approach and interpretive tone of the practice-building instructional information contained within my book. I intentionally did not at any point outlay a set of directive instructions for the new pagan to follow blindly in order to build their practice as an echo of my own because it is my sincerest belief that every practitioner should develop a practice that is truly their own, not a copy of someone else's. This is not a "Loving Inanna-Ishtar for Dummies" book, but it is a thoughtful and comprehensive manual for building your own practice that will bring you close to the Goddess whom I love so very much, while hopefully bringing her close to you in ways that are unique to you. I meticulously included all of the core activities that a meaningful and fulfilling devotional practice should in my opinion contain, while also including all of the reasoning behind those activities, and the nuanced perspectives and context that one needs to perform them for themselves and not just because the author says so. I included a wealth of foundational information so that anyone, regardless of spiritual or religious background, can pick up this book without having any prior knowledge about our Goddess and get to know her. I also included context about how her worshipers in ancient Mesopotamia practiced, so that the meaning behind their spiritual ways of life can be brought back to life in one's own practice today. I endeavored to always keep information concise and direct to the point so that there are no excessively long chapters or meandering passages for the reader to get lost within.
This book starts off by clearly describing my intentions for this book, and my background and a bit about the circumstances of my writing this book. It then includes a very brief primer about reading and pronouncing Sumerian and Akkadian words, and goes on to talk about the symbology of 𒀭Inanna, who the Anunnaki are, the theological context of her family ties and variations in belief, the world ordering and theological schema of reality, and finally eschatology. Then the the reader reaches the heart of the book which contains a selection of mythos and stories about our Goddess with included interpretations to their meaning and their context within one's practice, why one would want to begin a practice devoted to 𒀭Inanna, and how some people choose to execute their practice, followed by the spiritual Tenets and Paths of Worship of an Ishtarite - someone who is devoted to 𒀭Inanna. The conclusion of the book focuses on information about, instructions for, and examples of Ishtarite Prayer, Rituals, and development of one's own Ishtaric practice. Below you can see the full Table of Contents and several sample images from the book.
Sample: Chapter 11 - Introduction to the Tenets of the Ishtarite
Sample: A message for Religious Transphobes
Sample: The Ritual of Offering
Available Editions:
I wanted to bring my work to as many interested people as possible so I set my prices as low as my publisher would allow! This book is available in two editions; inexpensive quality Paperback and Deluxe Hardcover. The Paperback is Perfect Bound with a glossy texture cover, #60 cream colored matte textured paper. The Hardcover is Case Wrap bound with a glossy texture, #60 white colored smooth-matte textured paper. Both editions are A5 size, 160 pages each with comfortably large print for easy-on-the-eyes reading. Paperback: ISBN - 9781300986072, Hardcover: ISBN - 9781304008626. If you like my work and wish to show gratitude please consider purchasing the Hardcover edition. If money is hard to come by for you please focus on the Paperback edition, may you find prosperity through 𒀭Inanna in time!
Vendors:
Two vendors are available currently, with expanded global distribution coming in the following months. Currently you can buy my books direct from my publisher, Lulu, and from my distributor Amazon. For those of you who wish to support my authorship financially or those who do not have Amazon Prime, I highly encourage you to purchase through Lulu if you are able to, as I will actually earn a significant portion of the proceeds from sales made through this vendor. All sales made through Amazon are are subject to high distribution expenses and I'm projected to make less than the cost of a gas station cup of coffee on each sale. I chose to distribute my books globally through Amazon and to charge the absolute minimum price allowed of me because I want my books to help as many people as possible, I do not want to withhold my knowledge from those who are on a tight budget.
Additionally, while it lasts, here are some 15% OFF discount codes to use on Lulu!
If the first doesn't work try the others, they should be viable for at least two weeks.
RESTOCK15O3RVZIOA
SPOOKYSZN15
TREAT15
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Lulu - Siri Nin's Author Page: The Way of the Ishtarite
Amazon.com: The Way of the Ishtarite - Paperback Edition - $15
Amazon.com: The Way of the Ishtarite - Deluxe Hardcover Edition - $50
To those who are living in Oppressive Government Regimes where Queer or Pagan materials are restricted:
Please do not risk life or freedom trying to import my book illegally or publicly. I invite you to message me through DMs and I will send you a private link to a FREE .PDF version of my book which lacks the high queer visibility of the cover imagery and text. Your safety matters more to me than my income. May you find our Goddess in safety and peace.
If you have any questions or concerns, or if you'd like to discuss anything related at all, I am happy to answer your comments below!
Thank you all!
I know that probably someone here worships Ereshkigal, her cult was not so common in Mesopotamia. Does anyone have sources about it?
Hi everyone!!! i’m pretty new to mesopotamian polytheism, all i’ve really done so far was research.
I wanted to ask anyone for resources on Tiamat. I do know of her story, her elements, and that she is part of the Draconic witchcraft, and i feel really called to her.
So what i’m asking for is ways to reach out, her favourite things to put on shrines… i’m aware i could ask the latter from her personally, but as you must know she is quite intimidating, and I don’t want to reach out to her in “the wrong way”, if thats possible.
I want to be proper about everything i do for her. Help is very much appreciated!!
Meaning that every major event in history was meant to happen, or was it believed that the Gods had less than total control over the flow of events?
Hello I just wanted to see if anyone had any good book recommendations to get a really big deep dive into the god Nanna Suen I worship him and would love close insight on that as well as him scholarly as I want to be able to understand the god down to each name and every association but if yall can help me please let me know and thank yall for your time
Hello everyone, ive originally been a hellenic pagan for 4 years but as of late ive been really drawn to Kemetic and Mesopotamian religions. I dont have the altar space at the moment but I want to still try to worship the gods if possible.
For context im physically and mentally disabled so i could use all the help I can get. Has anyone worshipped any healing gods like Gula/Ninkarrak or others? If so what is your experience with them.
Hello all, quick question,
I am fairly new to Sumerian Religion, I used to be a Russian Orthodox Monk-
Are 2d images suited temporarily for use on an altar? I know its not exact to Sumerian practice as a statue is essentially a manifestation of a God's presence- but is a painting also suitable? My inclination is yes as many religions contact deities through them and it doesn't seem to be a hinderance. I plan to take up stone carving in order to make proper images later on but financially I am strapped right now. Opinions?
I am drawn in particular to this replication of the well known scroll
Hello everyone I have been a devoted follower of Ishtar for a while, however latley I find myself sick all the time latley if it's not one thing it's another, I also get psoriasis outbreaks and cannot pray ( to the best of my understanding opening the altar while I'll is taboo). While I do have a clay figurine of me praying to here (I felt like puting some part of myself in it so I added some of my hair ) I don't feel as connected, to the point I have not been able to do my commitments to here aither.( I volunteer with women and children in here name and donate blood).
I feel so disconnected can you please advise if you encountered such events and how you felt with overcoming these feelings.
I am also interested in perhaps praying to Father Enki for help due o my ill health.
hi so I just wanted to ask about rule 11, specifically I was wondering where does SHE (she who i cant name if i wanna post this) come from if not Mesopotamia and why do most sources (that I could find) say she does if she doesnt?
Im currently trying to connect with the apkallu and wondering if there was a specific way to give offering in ancient mesopotamia.