/r/German

Photograph via snooOG

/r/German is a community focused on discussion related to learning the German language. It is also a place to discuss the language at large.

New visitors, please read the FAQ: /r/German/wiki/faq

This is a community for students of German and discussions pertaining to the German language.


Check our Wiki for materials, tips, and the FAQ before posting.

Feel free to contribute materials, questions, tips, guides and anything else to our Wiki!


Additional Resources

If you need something translated or transcribed, ask for it over at /r/translator.

If you'd like to know how you sound speaking in German you can ask /r/judgemyaccent.

Both German-language subreddits and subreddits for learners of German can be found in the DACH wiki.

/r/Kurrent focuses on Kurrentschrift and Sütterlinschrift.


Flair up!

Green For natives only. Pick if German is your mother tongue.

Blue For non-natives and learners only. Pick a flair according to your level.

Gold If you have a German/linguistics degree, request this special flair from the mods (no proof needed).

Make sure to edit your flair so it also contains some info about your region (natives) or your native language (learners).


Posting rules:

No Off-Topic Posts: Submissions which are not about the German language are not permitted. We are a community focused on discussion related to learning the German language. It is also a place to discuss the language at large and we welcome submissions that elaborate on the reasons why we're interested in the German language.

No Low-Effort Homework Requests: Please do not post homework requests with no signs of effort - we are happy to make corrections and suggestions, but we won't do the work for you. So you have to have done some work already for us to critique. This also include images of text from text books, classwork, or exams. If you wish to ask about school work you need to submit them as a self-text posts.

No Promotion or Advertising: All forms of advertising and promotion are prohibited. This includes, but is not limited to: for-profit language learning courses; non-free and/or proprietary programs, applications, or websites; external social media channels; and fundraising or crowdsourcing campaigns.

No Translation Requests: This community is focused on learning German. Please post unrelated translation requests to /r/translator. Please be aware that /r/translator has specific formatting requirements for submissions, so check their rules before submitting anything there.

No Low-Quality or Low-Effort Submissions: This includes: Memes, image macros, images of text, and any other low-effort submissions. These are not suitable for our community. There should be an opportunity for discussion or feedback on your post.

No Surveys, Questionnaires, Petitions, or Polls: All surveys, questionnaires, petitions, polls, contests, or other similar content are not suitable for our community.

No Personal Attacks or Trolling: Be respectful to fellow posters – name-calling, rudeness & incivility, slurs, vulgarities towards other users, and trolling are not welcome here.


/r/German

384,171 Subscribers

1

I’m looking for a speaking partner for Goethe A2 Exam!

Hey, My Goethe A2 exam is coming up on February 11th, and I’m looking for a speaking partner to practice with over the next 10 days. We can focus on conversation practice to help me prepare for the exam. If you’re interested in a language exchange or just want to chat, feel free to DM me!

0 Comments
2025/02/02
01:30 UTC

1

Clause explanation with DAS

Can someone explain the use of DAS in the second clause to me:

Ich kann oft mein Englisch benutzen, das finde ich besonderes gut.

Is the DAS a relative pronoun, and if so, why doesn't it push the finite verb to the end?

What's the rule here ?

1 Comment
2025/02/01
22:29 UTC

1

Looking fur language partner

Good afternoon everyone ihope y‘all doing well. So story short, ive been studying german language for a while and ifound out ireally suck in having conversations. So iam looking for a partner so we can talk together and improve my language. Thanks again and have a good day!

0 Comments
2025/02/01
23:36 UTC

1

What is means of [tschüss, mein dann]???

Mein Cousin, der in der Schweiz lebt, hat es mir gesagt.

Sie sagte, das bedeutet Abschied.

Da ich Koreanisch bin, bin ich mir nicht sicher, ob dieser Satz richtig ist.

Wenn es der richtige Satz ist, frage ich mich, warum meine Tante gelacht hat.

Ich bin so neugierig, was das bedeutet, dass ich zum ersten Mal schreibe.

——————————————————————————-

My cousin, who lives in Switzerland, told me.

She said it meant goodbye.

Since I'm Korean, I'm not sure this sentence is right.

If it's the right sentence, I wonder why my aunt laughed.

I'm so curious, which means I'm writing for the first time.

0 Comments
2025/02/01
23:40 UTC

2

what are the best apps in the App Store to help improve my German?

I want to know what good apps are there on the App Store to help me practice my German cause I want to instead of using my phones for games in the bus, I want to practice German

11 Comments
2025/02/02
04:12 UTC

0

Understanding Futur I in German – Usage, Alternatives, and Commonality

I've been learning German and trying to understand when Futur I is actually used in practice. I know that in many cases, the present tense (Präsens) is used to express the future, so when does Futur I become necessary?

Also, how common is it to use sein, haben, and werden in the future tense? Are they frequently used in Futur I, or are there more natural alternatives in everyday speech?

Looking forward to your thoughts and explanations!

0 Comments
2025/02/02
03:34 UTC

9

Apparently I speak German as though my ‘mouth is full of spit.’ How have people described your German accent, and what are your best tips on how to sound less… like that?

Hallo! When I (f22) was a teenager, I learnt German in school and managed to achieve an A at A-Level, which I believe roughly corresponds to around a B2 level. Unfortunately, I didn’t end up taking German further, in part because I studied Classics at university and had to learn both Ancient Greek and Latin at a fairly accelerated pace. I kept up with German TV shows like dark, and occasionally read the news in German, but my active skills really suffered. In my second year, I met my boyfriend, whose parents are both German expats to the UK, and who speaks German fluently. It’s important to me to be able to speak with his wider family in their native language,so, now that I’ve graduated, I’ve picked German back up again with the hope to work towards breaking the C1 barrier.

My boyfriend can understand my German well, and we can generally have quite good, flowing conversations without feeling the need to resort to English. I know that, for the most part, my pronunciation is accurate. But he recently let me know that he thinks my accent sounds like my ‘mouth is full of spit’, that it doesn’t sound like I ‘open my mouth wide enough’, and that I take on a ‘childlike tone’ when I speak German with him. I don’t want to sound like that! Is it common for British people to sound the way he describes, or is this something I can improve? I’m also really interested to hear whether people have received similarly blunt (?) commentary on their accents. Thank you!

1 Comment
2025/02/02
02:49 UTC

6

Grammar Mind Map

I've been reading Langenscheidt Kurzgrammatik Französisch. It contains a section with tips and tricks for learning the grammar of any foreign language, and it says some really smart stuff (the book is really good in general). Anyway, I'm posting here one tip that was exciting for me to read, because it encapsulates what got me through German grammar (if you need to, you can use DeepL to translate it):

Schreiben Sie zusammengehörende Grammatikregeln auf einem großen Bogen Papier, knapp und präzise, eventuell mit Zeichnungen, Verweisen und kurzen Beispielen überschaubar zusammen und erstellen Sie Ihren persönlichen Lageplan. Mithilfe sogenannter mind maps gewinnen Sie schon durch das bloße Erstellen des Plans ganz schnell Einblick in die Struktur der Sprache und verschaffen sich einen schnellen übersichtlichen Gesamtüberblick. Ob Sie dieses Papier dann auch irgendwo hinhängen oder nicht, ist nicht ausschlaggebend, denn Sie haben dann ja den Plan schon im Kopf.

1 Comment
2025/02/02
00:18 UTC

2

Präpositiongruppe und "nicht"

Wo sollte "nicht" stehen?

A) Die Ärzte, die diese konkrete Impfung durchführten, würden also unausweichlich nicht von Hunden gemocht, ohne selber daran schuld zu sein

B) Die Ärzte, die diese konkrete Impfung durchführten, würden also unausweichlich von Hunden nicht gemocht, ohne selber daran schuld zu sein.

Mein Wissen sagt mir, dass man "nicht" vor einem Präpositionalobjekt stellt - demnach wäre (A) richtig. Mein Gefühl sagt mir aber: (B). Die Variante (A) empfinde ich vielmehr als Sondernegation denn eine Satzverneinung.

Da es so einen Widerspruch gibt zwischen meinem Wissen und dem, was mir die Intuition sagt, fällt mir noch ein, dass ich "von Hunden" vielleicht falsch als Präpositionalobjekt eingestuft habe? Wenn man da es in Wirklichkeit mit keinem Präpositionalobjekt zu tun hat, dann gibt es somit auch keinen Widerspruch zwischen der mir bekannten Regel und dem, was die Intuition sagt?

3 Comments
2025/02/01
23:42 UTC

4

(Beginner here) what does it mean to think in another language?

i already know im thinking too far ahead but i feel like its a necessary question. when you are reading, writing or listening to your tl, are you converting the words into your native language or are you truly just using the words. for example imnative english speaker and when i speak read or write i dont actively think of what ..... word means i just know it, where as in school id speak french but rather than just knowing what to say i had to constantly convert each word from english in my head into french.

sorry if its a dumb question...

13 Comments
2025/02/01
21:04 UTC

4

Wofür steht diese Abkürzung?

Hallo ihr alle ❤️ Könnt ihr bitte erklären was (nur zu) bedeutet ? und auf welche Abkürzung bezieht sich das ? _ Ich habe manche Fragen an Sie !

  • nur zu meine Liebe nur zu
5 Comments
2025/02/01
22:05 UTC

1

What's the difference between saying "das ist" and "Dieser/diese/dieses"?

11 Comments
2025/02/01
21:36 UTC

0

Dass wenig viel ist auszudrücken

1.Wie kann man verstärkt sagen, dass etwas wenig ist und jedoch viel bringt? - sogar, selbst, alleine, schon* ?

2.Wo landet dann "schon"? - eng bei diesen Wörtern (a) oder beim Resultat (b)

"ALLEINE schon (a) / SOGAR ALLEINE / SOGAR schon alleine das genügt, um das zu erreichen"

"Schon ALLEINE dieses eine Wort ist genug / SOGAR ALLEINE dieses eine Wort ist SCHON (b) genug"

?

6 Comments
2025/02/01
20:11 UTC

4

Der/die etc as pronouns

How common it is to replace pronouns with der/die etc when referring to people? I know it's grammatically correct so I just would like to know how often native speakers actually use them. Are there any specific rules about it or it's a matter of preference?

Also, is it appropriate to use them in formal writing and speaking?

4 Comments
2025/02/01
19:13 UTC

1

Listening for B level

What youtube channels and podcast do you recommend for improving Listening section in B1 and B2 level ?

3 Comments
2025/02/01
19:06 UTC

1

TELC B2 Prufung - what a disaster

I studied non-stop for weeks and just finished my exam. I kicked butt on the grammar and reading. Listening was easy. The writing part was terrible.

I practiced non-stop on writing Beschwerde Brief and ended up with a topic: You visited a museum with free admission. Now you are unhappy. Seriously, the whole point of the brief is to ask for money back or threaten legal involvement. I def. scored badly here. There is really nothing you can complain about. I told them that the employees were unfriendly and the closing times were wrong.

Mündliche Prüfung: I was a nervous wreck and I had practiced for weeks. Teil 1 I did amazing. Teil 2 was a topic I understand really well and I took great notes. Teil 3 is not brain surgery. The problem was that the person I was partnered with had a really strong accent. I could barely understand anything he said. Teil 2: I choked. I practiced having a discussion with postive/negative aspects of a topic. He just started explaining what the entire subject was etc. The procter interrupted him and asked me to add what he missed. FFS. I understand NOTHING: We were supposed to go back and forth. I just fell apart and finally added my personal experience with the topic. Teil 3: We worked as a team.

Now I get to wait 4 weeks for the results. Schriftliche I def. passed. Mündliche I am not certain. It's 50/50 but I likely failed. I am so disappointed.

1 Comment
2025/02/01
17:27 UTC

7

Why does this happen?

Idk if it's just me but whenever I heard Handy it's pronounced as if it had the ä umlaut (Händy) Am I just crazy and imaginating things or does this really happen?

33 Comments
2025/02/01
17:34 UTC

4

Intense routine after years of no German

Hello,

I had German in high school for 4 year, but I truly didn't learn much and barely remember anything actively. However, when I read something I can kinda figure out a lot of things and going through different grammar rules in A1-B1 I do have some memory of learning it / seeing it before. In over 2 weeks my semester in university starts and I'm taking a mandatory course that's counting on us knowing German on B1 level (= after we finish high school here that's the level we should be on). I took a really long online test and it put me on mid-A2. It's basically German for social studies so will probably focus on academic things related to majors in this field.

My question is - what can I do to come to the class as prepared as possible? What should I focus on? Any tips for my routine? I have about 2-3 hours every day to really study.

Thanks

2 Comments
2025/02/01
17:31 UTC

1

What does it mean if a behaviour is "unverblumt"?

21 Comments
2025/02/01
17:28 UTC

1

Wie lernt ihr deutsch?

Hallo, ich bin 14, ich interessiere mich für Deutsch und ich habe für neun Monaten deutsch gelernt. Aber ich habe gemerkt, dass ich lerne sehr langsam gegenüber anderen Leute. Ich bin momentan kaum A2-b1 Niveau und ich möchte zu fragen, wie lernte ihr deutsch? Wie kann ich mich verbessern?

(Es tut mir leid, ob ich viele Fehler gemacht habe.)

0 Comments
2025/02/01
13:26 UTC

1

B2 Study partner

Hello everyone, as you can already guess, I'm planning to take the B2 exam. For that reason I figured I needed someone to practice the sprechen part with, if anyone is interested I would be glad, thank you! My time zone : CET

0 Comments
2025/02/01
13:47 UTC

1

Time and object and sentence location

I studied German a long time ago and am getting back into it. I had taken classes in high school and college and at the Goethe Institute. Now I am using Babel and listening to an audio book by Paul Nobel.

I am having trouble with locating certain words in the sentence structure most used in Paul Nobel's book. For example: I will do it tomorrow -->

Ich werde es morgen tun.

But why not

Ich werde morgen es tun.

What is the difference (besides maybe I would sound unhinged) and how do I remember this and get it right consistently?

4 Comments
2025/02/01
14:46 UTC

2

Zwei Verben und "und"

Wenn wir eine Ellipse verwenden wollen, ist es bei zwei Verben zulässig (A), dass das Personalpronomen beim zweiten Verb und nicht dem ersten weggelassen wird? Wie wäre es zum Beispiel beim Satz: "Das Lebenswerk von Franz Kafka mag ich und schätze." ?

Oder ist das IMMER falsch (B), und muss immer das Personalpronomen des ERSTEN Verbs weggelassen werden? - "Das Lebenswerk von Franz Kafka mag und schätze ich."

Oder (C) sind beide Varianten an sich korrekt und es kommt einfach auf den Kontext an, welche von ihnen die richtige bzw. die "richtigere" ist? - zum Beispiel, wenn der Kontext wäre, dass ich betonen möchte, dass nicht jemand anderer, sondern ich das tue, dann würde ich das Personalpronomen definitiv nicht beim zweiten, sondern beim ersten Veb weglassen: "Das Lebenswerk von Franz Kafka mag und schätze ICH [und nicht du].").

Was ist richtig - A, B oder C?

6 Comments
2025/02/01
15:31 UTC

32

Why stehen instead of sein?

I am watching peppa wutz and papa wuts says, "Zwiebeln stehen auf der Liste." I can't find any resources as to why they use stehen here and not the verb sein. Why is it not, "Zwiebeln sind auf der Liste" ? Maybe I am not googling the right thing, but any resources or links are welcome! Thank you in advance.

Answer: one of the definitions for stehen is something is written, printed, read somewhere (link). I will be buying a dictionary!

13 Comments
2025/02/01
15:11 UTC

1

What was I supposed to write?

I had an exam and one of the tasks was: "Stellen Sie Fragen zu den markierten Wörtern". (For example, the sentence is "Christian reist mit dem Flugzeug ins Ausland", where "mit dem Flugzeug" is underlined, and you are expected to write "Womit reist Christian ins Ausland?") Here is the sentence: Kollege Müller arbeitet an diesem Projekt seit einem Monat. "Seit einem Monat" is underlined. And I wrote: "Wie lange arbeitet Kollege Müller an diesem Projekt?". My teacher marked "wie lange" as incorrect.

4 Comments
2025/02/01
15:08 UTC

0

Brute-force German B1 by October 2025 – My Daily System

TL;DR

  • I’m 50 days (50 hours) and 1,000 words (Memrise) into brute-forcing the German B1 written and spoken exam. It appears to be working well - I’m already able to follow parts of conversations
  • I’m budgeting another 150 days (150 hours) for Memrise which will get me to 4,500 words
  • Then focus shifts to 100 days (100 hours) of Cornelsen textbooks (Das Leben A1, A2, B1) for fine-tuning (7 pages per day)

I have an asset at home - girlfriend with B2 level German. My plan is to speak 80% of the time with her in German when I hit 2,000 words in Memrise

Background

I’ve been living in Zurich, Switzerland for four years (from NZ originally), but I’ve only recently started learning German seriously. My two main reasons:

  1. Swiss C Permit – I need B1 written, A2 spoken for my application in October 2025, but I’m aiming for B1 in both.
  2. My 5-month-old daughter – I want to be fluent before she starts speaking so I can interact with her and her friends, even if they only speak German. I don’t want to miss out on anything, make her life more difficult because I can’t speak German.

The Pillars of My Learning System:

  • Brute-force vocabulary learning: No matter what way you cut it, you need to remember words! I’m going to brute-force it. I’m using Memrise to rapidly build my vocab.
  • No classes, no tutors: Traveling, scheduling, paying - it’s all a waste of time for me. I study alone at my standing desk each morning, often with my daughter in a baby harness.
  • Spaced repetition: I heavily rely on Memrise’s SRS system - the review queue ensures I keep seeing words until I master them. I don’t need to track what I know manually - it automatically resurfaces words at the right intervals.
  • Whiteboard reinforcement: I write difficult words in real-time during review sessions to engage a different part of my brain for memory retention.
  • Speaking practice later: I will brute-force vocab first (goal: 2,000+ words) before additionally talking in German at home with my girlfriend (B2 level) most of the time.
  • Dopamine-hacked focus sessions: I use nicotine pouches (Zyn/Snus) to make me crave (I am addicted) my hour of German learning a day. I have two per day—one during German study and one during a workout.

Why Memrise?

Memrise is an SRS (Spaced Repetition System) platform that forces active recall rather than passive recognition. By default, it offers various learning modes, but I have customized my settings to be as strict as possible.

Custom Settings I Use in Memrise:

  1. Max review words per session: 50 (default is lower).
  2. Max new words per session: 10 (default is lower).
  3. Typing-only tests: No multiple-choice, no listening-only—just full, precise recall.
  4. No "Speed Review" or "Difficult Words" feature: I only use Learn New Words and Review Words—everything else is unnecessary.
  5. German Keyboard Practice: I switch my MacBook Air to Swiss-German keyboard mode while doing Memrise, so I also learn to type in German properly.

Additional Memrise Features (That I Don't Use):

  • AI-powered conversation practice – Lets you chat with an AI in German.
  • Native speaker videos – You can watch clips of Germans using phrases in context.

How Spaced Repetition Works in Memrise

A learning session presents a word multiple ways. Once I answer correctly six times, the word is considered "learned" and enters the review queue.

Review Cycle (SRS Intervals):

  1. 4 hours later – First review
  2. 1 day later – Second review
  3. 1 week later – Third review
  4. 1 month later – Fourth review
  5. 6 months later – Long-term retention

If I get a word wrong during a review session, it drops back to the start of the cycle (4-hour interval) and must work its way back up. On any given day I have 100-150 words to review.

My Daily Learning Routine (1 Hour Per Day, Every Day)

🚀 6:00 AM – Wake Up With My Daughter

  • My daughter wakes up at 6 AM, and I take care of her while my girlfriend sleeps in until 10 AM.
  • I feed her, change her, and get her settled for a morning nap.

🍼 7:30 AM – Baby in the Harness, German Time

  • Around 7:30 AM, she’s in the baby carrier and usually falls asleep for an hour.
  • This is prime study time—I stand at my desk and start my Memrise session.
  • I allow myself one nicotine pouch (Snus/Zyn) only during German study, making me actively look forward to it every day.
  • This is a massive dopamine hack—I’ve hardwired my brain to associate language learning with nicotine, which makes it feel rewarding instead of boring.

🧠 Step 1: Clear My Review Queue (Typing Tests Only)

  • I never learn new words before clearing my review queue.
  • Every word must be typed out perfectly with capitalization, umlauts, and no hints.

✍️ Step 2: Whiteboard Method for Hard Words (Real-Time Writing)

  • If I get a word wrong, Memrise immediately shows me the correct answer.
  • At that exact moment, I pivot and write the word on my whiteboard next to my desk.
  • This creates an extra reinforcement layer—I see it again in Memrise later, but writing it immediately strengthens retention.
  • The words stay on the board all day—sometimes I glance at them, but the real benefit is from physically writing them down in the moment.

📖 Step 3: Learn New Words (Two Scenarios Per Day)

  • Once my review queue is clear, I start learning new words.
  • Two full Memrise scenarios per day (~10-20 words per scenario).
  • 476 scenarios total → ~5,300 words total.
  • I say every word out loud as I type it, mimicking native pronunciation.

Speaking Practice – When & How?

Memrise is amazing for vocabulary but doesn’t instantly make you fluent in conversation.

Speaking Plan:

  1. Brute-force vocab first (Memrise, goal: 3,000+ words).
  2. Around 2,000 words in, start speaking 80–90% German at home with my girlfriend.
  3. Last 3 months before the exam → no new words on Memrise, only review and switch focus to Cornelsen textbooks (Das Leben A1, A2, B1) for grammar fine-tuning.

Memrise teaches grammar passively, but the textbooks will fill in any gaps before the exam.

23 Comments
2025/02/01
13:33 UTC

2

Flash card app for building vocabulary aside from Anki?

I want to use a flash card app for vocabularly that also includes an audio option, to listen to the pronounciation of the word. Since Anki doesn't have that what do you guys recommend?

It would also be nice if you could choose the set of the words you want to learn. For me since I'm a beginner I want to learn starting from the basics.

14 Comments
2025/02/01
12:54 UTC

1

Linguistische/literarische Forschungen lesen, um mein Lesen zu verbessern.

Hallo, ich denke daran, einige linguistische/literarische Forschungen zu lesen, um meine Forschungfähigkeiten zu verbessern. Dementsprechend kann ich das zu meiner für Lesen angegebenen Zeit zählen?

Und wie viele Stunden muss ich täglich deutsche Romane, Zeitschriften, etc.. im Allgemeinen lesen?
PS: Korrigiert mich bitte, wenn sich Schreibfehler befinden! Das würde mich freuen!

3 Comments
2025/02/01
12:06 UTC

3

um seiner selbst willen

An dieser Stelle wird deutlich, wie eng das Bindungs- und das Autonomiebedürfnis miteinander verwoben sind: Sie bedingen einander sogar. Wer das Gefühl hat, um seiner selbst willen geliebt zu werden, hat auch das Gefühl, für seine Rechte eintreten zu dürfen und seinen eigenen, individuellen Lebensweg beschreiten zu können.

Aufgrund solch einfacher Glaubenssätze schätze ich ab, was ich von anderen Menschen erwarte. Sie geben mir die Antwort auf die grundlegendste aller Fragen: Was muss ich tun, um geliebt zu werden? Muss ich überhaupt etwas dafür tun oder werde ich um meiner selbst willen geliebt?

Quelle: Wer wir sind (ein Buch von Stephanie Stahl, Psychologie)

Die erste Frage: die Bedeutung. Da kann man die Bedeutung aus dem Kontext herauslesen, aber sonst würde ich diese Worte woanders nicht verstehen.

Auf redensarten-index.de steht: "ohne besonderen Grund; ohne erkennbaren Zweck; als Selbstzweck"

Auf Duden steht: um jemandes, einer Sache willen (jemandem, einer Sache zuliebe; mit Rücksicht auf jemanden, etwas; im Interesse einer Person, Sache)

Die zwei Erklärungen sind nicht gleich.

Die zweite Frage: Grammatik. Wieso ist "willen" kleingeschrieben? Ich hätte "Willen" erwartet. Wieso Genitiv? Dieser Ausdruck sieht für mich total durcheinander aus. Um + Genitiv (und nicht Akkusativ, wie sonst) + selbst (was bringt dieses Wort?) + kleingeschriebener Wille(n). Was ist denn hier los?

EDIT: Bitte auf Deutsch. Offensichtlich lese ich schon Bücher auf Deutsch. Ich bin nicht hier, um Englisch zu lernen :)

10 Comments
2025/02/01
09:57 UTC

1

Hallo

Mach dieser Satz Sinn? Was sind andere Wörter aus dem Haus dieses Adjektives ?

8 Comments
2025/02/01
05:50 UTC

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