/r/Terpenes

Photograph via snooOG

Discussion of individual terpenes, the entourage effect, advancements in the field, etc. and the many applications of terpenes.

/r/Terpenes

5,883 Subscribers

1

How to remove concentrated terp smell from silicone?

My husband just started playing with adding terps to his wax. He mixed up some purple urkle terps with some raw THC-A crumble and tossed in some diamonds. It turned into a nice sugary sauce. But Now I can’t get the terp smell out of the silicone container he used to mix up his concoction. I tried soaking with 91% iso, and then I tried super hot water & dawn dish soap. Anyone know how to get that concentrated terp smell out of my silicone containers?

2 Comments
2024/12/07
20:20 UTC

5

Where can I get good CDT

12 Comments
2024/12/06
00:15 UTC

0

SPRAYING FLOWER

What is the best way to spray flower and what should I cut terps with???

22 Comments
2024/12/05
08:32 UTC

1

Fat Dog CBD

Does anyone still use fat dog cbd for terpenes? I used to be a big fan of their pink panther terps. I looked at their site today and it looks like they completely rebranded into “vioatile organix”.

2 Comments
2024/12/04
16:13 UTC

11

HTFSE

7 Comments
2024/12/03
19:50 UTC

2

Available HTFSE Strains

New runs of HTFSE! Multiple strains available. Contact us at: Purebiologix@gmail.com
• Blackberry Kush
• Black Jack
• Blue Cheese
• Cherry Gelato
• Cherry Pie
• Durban Poison
• Mango Kush
• Maui Wowie
• Orange Crush
• Pineapple Express
• Rainbow Sherbet
• Sweet Island Skunk
• ChemDawg2
• GSC XP

12 Comments
2024/12/03
19:47 UTC

4

Anyone going to MJBizCon?

We’ll be there!

3 Comments
2024/12/01
21:40 UTC

4

Terpene Interest

I’m working on a research paper over terpene profiles in cannabis for my chemistry course and was hoping to get some help on finding reliable sources on strains with specific terpene content. I want data, facts, numbers, percentages, I just can’t seem to find anything specific enough to include. I’ve looked at academic papers, dispensary sites, many different areas. I specifically would like info on strains containing high amounts of myrcene, limonene, linalool, the most common terpenes. If anyone has any information I’d appreciate it a lot, thanks!!

4 Comments
2024/11/25
17:41 UTC

3

Omg why didn't I know about this sub?

Best value terps on the market for personal meds? Opinions pls & ty!

2 Comments
2024/11/24
20:35 UTC

10

Funky disposables!

This is kind of a PSA, know where your hardware is coming from and make sure you inspect it. Luckily these are samples. These were sent a possible market units for cannibinoids, lets take a look at what a cheap unit gets you and why you should be worried.

Plastic! It has a plastic center post, yep thats right plastic. I will let you mind wander with that.

Yes those are dropplets of drumroll.......lubricant, sure its safe, it came straight from china and i know how comcerned they are with americans health.

If you see one of these thats branded make sure you take a note of what POS brand it is

8 Comments
2024/11/21
21:00 UTC

3

Hello Terpenes

Sone of the best, all around extracts we have had the pleasure of blending.

Great chance to grab try a bunch of strains.

0 Comments
2024/11/21
18:30 UTC

3

REPACKING SERVICES

Can someone recommend a repacking service for terpenes so they can easily ship their products to my country which has restriction for terpenes. Thanks in advance!!

2 Comments
2024/11/21
07:41 UTC

5

Job interview tomorrow

I have a job interview tomorrow for a marketing position at a Terpene company. What are things I should know? Basic level things about Terpenes and the industry. The scientific terms are confusing me.

1 Comment
2024/11/21
05:25 UTC

2

Hash coin w/LCG extracted terps

I have sone dry sift i stipped off of some mule fule and one of the "catch all" screens, im going to press it with some Mass Terpenes LCG.

in the past this has worked out amazing and i cant wait to taste the symphony of flavors i am going to get!

14 Comments
2024/11/20
19:43 UTC

6

Mass Terpenes fire!

Hello, Mass has very much stepped up their game. It feels like it has taken a while but as the extraction market has refined its equipment and processes the prices have started to fall drastically on many products including extracted terpenes.

Mass has some great stuff and seems much more responsive in the customer satisfaction department then other extractors who dont value thier customers.

So far we have had time to blend:

Jungle cake CDT: i dont like jungle cake BUT thjs terp was like fresh flower and came close to a rosin flavor.

Lemon cherry gelato CDT: nice, complex, all three flavors are present with a nice cannabis backbone, slightly lighter then jungle cake.

GMO × triangle kush: funk upfront, then trails into a chemical kush taste.

Fantastic terps.

We have processed more, will update soon!

11 Comments
2024/11/19
15:15 UTC

4

So we are air brushing terps on now?

I saw this pop up on my feed and wanted to see if anyone was using a system similar to this. I dont add terps to any flowet, but i know that is part of the industry.

16 Comments
2024/11/19
14:59 UTC

18

Collective thoughts on consuming 10 different terpenes

I've made a few posts now about trying the individual terpenes, I've tried everything except alpha-pinene and I'm going to try to finish up these posts while the experiences are still fresh. I'm running out of motivation unfortunately which is typical behavior for me, so I want to finish off strong with this post to at least get the info out there. When I do eventually receive and try my alpha-pinene, I'll simply edit this post and add my thoughts on that. This post will contain my brief summaries on all the new terpenes I've tested, plus the old ones too, to make sort of a mega-post.

Some of the newer terpenes I have not yet tried mixed with HHC, but if/when I do, I'll just come back and edit this post. I'm pretty good about doing that. You can also PM me worst case scenario to ask about the specifics of these experiments :)

Message to r/altcannabinoids**:** Hopefully this data helps us figure out how terpenes affect the cannabis high, whether it may be subtle or profound. I think it'll be useful to share this data with the community.

Methods:

  • Terpenes alone consumed via transdermal, oral (w/ mct + lecithin), and diffused
  • Terpenes with cannabis tested via inhaled (98% HHC + 2% terpene) or via transdermal terpene and inhaled HHC (100% HHC + 12.5mg transdermal terpene)
  • Terpene dosage ranges between 6.25mg and 25mg
  • Oral terpenes formulated using MCT oil and liquid sunflower lecithin (essential for absorption)
  • Terpenes purchased from CONSOLIDATED CHEMICALS & SOLVENTS on Amazon (unaffiliated, just thought they were cheap and easily accessible)

Terpene thoughts:

  • Beta-caryophyllene: Very deeply physically and mentally relaxing. A strong body high, some light dissociation, lightly disinhibiting, and stoning. Some eye-pressure and wateriness. Pretty substantial pain relief, along with strong emotional relief. The sensation is very similar to stepping into a hot tub or a hot shower, it is extremely pleasant. While using this terpene I frequently find myself lying flat on my back on the floor because it feels so comfortable and wonderful. Tastes woody and earthy.
    • w/ 98% HHC + 2% terpene: Similar to the above but much milder, likely due to the reduced dosage. Feels very similar to CBC in terms of body feel and relaxation, but w/o the mood uplift and emotion/euphoria that CBC provides. I called it "dark mode CBC".
  • D-limonene: A warm and stimulating feeling. Extremely strong headbanding effect, meaning pressure around the temples and head, to an almost painful extent, along with dumbfoundedness. A light tingly body high, with some eye pressure sensations.
    • w/ 98% HHC + 2% terpene: A much milder sensation to the above, but still induced headbanding. Adds quite a bit of stimulation to the high. Tastes lemony/citrusy.
  • Citral: An initial ~30m period of dysphoria, chills, intestinal discomfort, anxiety, followed by a warm, euphoric release for the remainder of the experience, along with sensory enhancement (sound, touch, smell, temperature, etc). Mental stimulation, a feeling of connectedness, some body buzzing, and a quiet mind. Tastes citrusy and spicy.
    • w/ 98% HHC + 2% terpene: A much milder and more palatable sensation to the above, adding euphoria and sensory enhancement to the high.
  • Camphor: Stimulation (mental and physical) and focus enhancement. Some sedation and calmness in lower dosages, with light dissociation. In higher dosages, the stimulation becomes extremely tweaky and restless/impulsive, with a significant loss of interoception (loss of heartbeat sensation, breathing sensation, etc. Almost like I'm just a floating head). Lots of jaw/muscle clenching, wakefulness, music enhancement, and euphoria. Felt like a very strong PEA-type stimulant. RISKY FOR SYSTEMIC USE DUE TO POTENTIAL TO CAUSE SEIZURES IN OVERDOSE. Unknown taste.
    • w/ 98% HHC + 2% terpene: UNKNOWN
  • Menthol: Very mild in effect, the mildest of all the tested terpenes. A cold, refreshing, clearheaded state of mind. Very meditative and zen. Mild stimulation and mild dissociation. Clears the mind and feels very peaceful. Perfect for meditation or grounding. Unknown taste.
    • w/ 98% HHC + 2% terpene: UNKNOWN
  • Beta-pinene: Feels very grounding and peaceful. It is moderately sedating, which contrasts with some mild focus enhancement. It makes my mind feel quiet and calms anxiety. It feels like taking a walk outside, very crisp and serene. I'd enjoy taking it for some sedentary activity in nature, but the sedation may be too much for something like a hike. Tastes piney and perfumey.
    • w/ 98% HHC + 2% terpene: UNKNOWN
  • Cedrol: Very strong sedation, trouble thinking, brain fog, slowed breathing, couch lock, some mild euphoria, moderate muscle relaxation, strong pain relief (dulls and nullifies pain). This one was quite scary at first due to how strongly it depressed my breathing. In future attempts, the effect was more manageable. I take a beta-blocker, I suspect that contributed to this experience. The pain relief is quite potent. This one is a true muscle relaxer, and I'd advise extreme caution using it, as it was definitely the most potent terpene tested, requiring only 6.25-12.5mg for full effects. RISKY FOR SYSTEMIC USE DUE TO RESPIRATORY DEPRESSION AND TIGHT DOSE RANGES. Tastes like cedar and wood.
    • w/ 98% HHC + 2% terpene: Strongly potentiates the high in terms of strength and duration. Extends the duration of the high by 50-100%.
  • Myrcene: A moderately strong euphoriant, producing strong mood uplift, moderate euphoria, increased sociability, emotional enhancement, empathy, and some warmness. It has a light, warm, tingly body high, and makes the body feel very comfortable. Reduces social anxiety quite a bit. Tastes fruity and perfumey.
    • w/ 98% HHC + 2% terpene: UNKNOWN
  • Eugenol: A weird mixture of dissociation and stimulation/euphoria, almost like a low dose salvia meets low dose kratom. The euphoria is mild and is localized to the body along with stimulation, with dissociation and emotional dampening occurring mentally. Some mild sedation and relaxed breathing (not depressed breathing unlike cedrol). RISKY FOR SYSTEMIC AND ORAL USE DUE TO LIVER TOXICITY CONCERNS. Tastes spicy and woody.
    • w/ 98% HHC + 2% terpene: UNKNOWN
  • Linalool: Another one of the milder terpenes providing stress relief, moderate anxiety relief, a quiet mind, and calmness. Unlike some of the other anxiety-relieving terpenes, this one does not cause sedation, which makes it more functional. It's a very non-intoxicating terpene. Tastes like lavender or flowers.
    • w/ 98% HHC + 2% terpene: UNKNOWN
  • Alpha-pinene: Very similar to the beta-pinene with a calming, focusing feeling, but instead of sedation it offers mild euphoria and stimulation. There wasn't any apparent side effects with this one. It feels similar to nicotine almost, but milder in the physical stimulation. Tastes piney and perfumey.
    • w/ 98% HHC + 2% terpene: UNKNOWN

Personal ranking:

  • Beta-caryophyllene: S, just fantastic all-around w/ minimal side effects
  • D-limonene: C, didn't enjoy the headbanding
  • Citral: A, I see potential for self-healing similar to psychedelic microdosing
  • Camphor: B, enjoyable but excessively stimulating and intoxicating
  • Menthol: A+, mild but extremely valuable for introspection and grounding
  • Beta-pinene: B+, a different style of what menthol provides but more sedating
  • Cedrol: S, a true muscle relaxer with excellent potential for pain
  • Myrcene: A-, a great euphoriant, mild as it may be
  • Eugenol: B-, an interesting experience but unsure of its purpose or repeated-use safety
  • Linalool: A, mild but great stress reliever w/ minimal side effects
  • Alpha-pinene: S, a great nicotine-like stimulant-type of experience w/ minimal side effects

Conclusion

Thanks for reading. Through this process I did the best research I could to judge toxicity, biological effects, and more. Some resources I used besides studies were EWG's Skin Deep, IFRA's Safe-Use Library, and EssentialOils.org's Database, though these were more useful for judging topical safety. I hope someone finds this information useful; as far as I can tell, there have not been many anecdotal reports of the effects of terpenes when absorbed systemically. Please ask any questions you have, I'm very passionate about this project and am excited to see where this research takes us in the next decade.

EDIT: Added alpha-pinene experiences

7 Comments
2024/11/19
04:24 UTC

2

What is your process?

We were testing some of the newer terps being produced and have noticed for many of the true extractions, instead of letting them "steep" or cure, basically to let the flavors settle and become more true to strain. These new terps though are really turning out best when they are only heated once and really getting the terped distillate into its final hardware and sealed ASAP. really liking how complex these terps are getting.

9 Comments
2024/11/17
18:42 UTC

4

Gold coast terpenes?

Anyone mess with this company? Would like reviews before I spend please and thank you 🫡🫡🫡

6 Comments
2024/11/17
03:32 UTC

2

Burn off terps

Weird question? Is it possible to burn off terps in some distillate or diamonds that you don't like the flavor of and start over. 🤷🤷🤷🤷🤷 I just hate the taste of this. I mixed a couple terps I really liked and they did not compliment t each other at all.

12 Comments
2024/11/16
06:33 UTC

7

Citral: my thoughts on its effects

I'm currently trying pure terpenes on their own and in blends to see how they affect the high of cannabis. Here's my report on citral!

Methods (feel free to skip, boring)

Someone requested more detailed information on the methods and preparations of the terpenes. After experimenting with the beta-caryophyllene and the d-limonene, I decided that transdermal application was quite risky, as it poses the risk for allergic contact dermatitis, a permanent allergy that can develop if terpenes or essential oils are used on the skin too frequently or at too high of concentrations. While experimenting with beta-caryophyllene, I also discovered that oral dosing was quite inefficient without the addition of sunflower lecithin, an idea I had based on research about using microemulsions to enhance terpene oral delivery. The use of lecithin greatly enhanced the absorption of the beta-caryophyllene (and now the other terpenes tested), so much so that initial effects can be felt within 5 minutes and peak rapidly, lasting approximately 2-3 hours before effects fully fade. Thus, due to both safety reasons and efficacy, I now choose to test with an oral route of administration, of approximately 25mg for a strong dose, and 12.5mg for a half-dose. This dosage range seems to be relatively consistent for the terpenes I've tested thus far. For this test, I consumed 25mg of citral in 100mg MCT oil, with an eye-balled amount of liquid sunflower lecithin thoroughly mixed to enhance the oral bioavailability (critical for effective systemic absorption).

Also, quick side note for my future reports: I'm realizing it's going to be a real pain to make cannabinoid blends for every terpene I want to test. So I think for my future tests, I will form my opinions of the combined effects by simply inhaling from a 100% HHC cartridge (versus 98% HHC + 2% terpene ratio I was using before) and ingesting the terpene separately. In my previous two tests where the HHC was blended with the terpene first, the effects were very similar to consuming them separately, just slightly milder, so I think it will be a suitable method to determine how the terpene affects the high.

What's it feel like on its own?

[6.25mg x4 titrated]: My first time using citral on it's own, I was confused by its effects, as it seemed to feel both uncomfortable and comfortable, oscillating between these states. For about a period of 10m, I'd experience dysphoria, body chills, mild intestinal distress, and anxiety. Then, suddenly I'd feel a wave of relief, euphoria, warmth, emotional and pain relief, and sensory enhancement. In the "euphoric" periods of the experience, I'd enjoy the soft texture and warmth of a blanket, and musical enhancement. My mind felt very quiet.

[25mg]: The next few times I tried citral, I made sure to do a full dose all at once, rather than working up to it (as I like to make sure I do not overdo it on my first test). These experiences seemed much more consistent, with a distinct "come up" phase that lasted about 30 minutes, followed by the same euphoric stage that remained for the rest of the experience.

Truthfully, if I had read a report like this from a stranger on the internet about a terpene that's commonly found in lemongrass, I probably wouldn't take them too seriously. But I can truthfully say that I found my experience with citral to be not too dissimilar from taking a very low dose of a psychedelic, albeit much milder.

What's it feel like in blends?

Citral combined with HHC was actually quite pleasant. The "come up" period was still present but less uncomfortable, including stimulation, temperature fluctuations, and sensory enhancement. I definitely noticed some strong music enhancement during both phases, and my high was very clear headed and lucid. After the initial 30 minute come-up period, the temperature fluctuations are replaced with a steady warm and cozy feeling, and the stimulation was replaced with more relaxation. An anxiolytic and antidepressant feeling was prominent. I'd describe the experience as being in my own world, engaged in my sensory activities. I honestly didn't think this combination would go well, but I was surprised.

Closing thoughts

Overall, citral was an absolute shocker of a terpene to try. I did not expect these reactions whatsoever, but after giving it a chance, I do really enjoy it. This would be great for watching a long movie, or listening to music, or any sort of sensory experience. I would like to just warn everybody that the come-up period can be uncomfortable, but used in low percentages, I think it would still be manageable for most people.

Would love to answer questions or hear comments, thanks for reading <3

12 Comments
2024/11/14
04:44 UTC

1

FAVORITE MASS TERPENES

Based on my previous post, floraplex terpenes are not it, and I have read good things about mass terpenes so I think I’ll give them a try and order 20 or so flavors that I can cut down to a total of 10 flavors for a brand I’m working on. Let me know flavor recommendations, trying to stay away from strain specific terps

12 Comments
2024/11/13
06:33 UTC

3

Can’t find terps that work

Creating a brand, need a solid lineup of 10 flavors, currently tried 20+ terpenes from floraplex and don’t necessarily love any of them. Tried different versions of my recipe to see if that would make a difference but not too much luck. Current recipe I’m doing right now is 70% distillate 23% resin 7% terpenes. Is it the recipe or the terpenes? Any terpene websites you guys recommend? Thanks

10 Comments
2024/11/13
00:00 UTC

1

ANY RECOS

Im looking for flavorful terps with a smooth hit. TYIA

2 Comments
2024/11/12
15:35 UTC

1

List of Gassy terps. Agree, or no speaka da terpanese?

propane-1-thiol

S-methyl ethanethioate

propane-2-thiol

methylsulfanyldisulfanylmethane

ethyldisulfanylethane

S-prop-2-enyl propanethioate

1- ethylpropyl hydrosulfide

3-sulfanylbutan-2-one

2-methylundecanal

2-hexylthiophene

2-ethyl-5-methylfuran

(Z)-hex-4-en-1-ol

5-methyl-2-sulfanyl-4-heptanone

Everyone around here speaks a different language, just trying to find some common fucking ground.

Not what I'd call fucking "gassy" but it's a lot better than the shit your AI Chatbot or your hemp dealer is feeding you.

Normal fucking people would refer to alkanes as gassy but all the shitty growers with toxic vinyl benzene terps don't want you to think about the cause of your future cancer.

1 Comment
2024/11/12
04:02 UTC

4

FREE public, open source database for essential oils and terpenes

Hello! The mods of r/Terpenes said it was okay for me to post this so potentially this can be of use to someone now or in the future.

I basically found a website, https://essentialoils.org/db, that has a massive database of essential oils and their terpene constituents. I basically wrote a program to scrape this website so that we can use this data on personal projects, whether that be making your own database or just browsing through it.

Here is the scraped data on my Google Drive: https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1HmjcVaIhtg4c2q-NvdNyJe1vhSM4VFAw?usp=drive_link

  • all_oils_terps.json: Has the breakdown of terpenes in each essential oil
  • all_compounds_terps.json: Basically the other way around, has a list of terpenes and which essential oils it is found in and at what %
  • oils-archive-essentialoils-dotcom-XXX.zip: RAW data scraped from the website's API including a table of contents JSON file, and then a huge folder of every essential oil's data.
  • compounds-archive-essentialoils-dotcom-XXX.zip: Basically the other way around but for the terpenes.

Note, the raw data files have additional info like citations, oil/terpene synonyms, etc. that you may find interesting. The first two files are just very conveniently made to help your searches.

I'm not sure how many people will find this information useful, but maybe if someone searches for it on Google in the future it may be useful. Thanks peeps <3

0 Comments
2024/11/12
03:19 UTC

7

True terpenes quality

I've been trying multiple terpene vendors for mixing disty carts at an 8-10% by weight ratio. I orderd the "live resin" options and tried them at that ratio in my ccell EVO model 1mls and was very disappointed with the flavor basically non existent when you open the bottle for both live resin options. The permanent marker had a faint sharpie vibe which is okay but it was very faint and not appealing really. The grandaddy purple had no smell. One of there hr people sent me an email pertaining to my purchase and my satisfaction. I gave my honest opinion and asked for there most skunky/pungent and a cheesy terps. I got sent two products that smell nothing like what i wanted and get this its "5" ml but it smells like nothing, the donny burger had a slight smell. The two live resin ones that i mixed up were harsh so i didn't even bother mixing these up if my nose says no. Sometimes the nose don't lie if its that 🔥. I emailed the HR rep back and communicated my experience and my concern they dilute there products. They gave me the typical "we care about consumer saftey and pride ourselves in quality" but they could not send me a COA, isn't that funny and ironic? I've had good exoerinces with Abstrax they are straight gas and economical that bacio gelato really impressed me, it had a good gasey/pungent smell that I'm still waiting to try while it sits. I still have like 12 from them i have to try but they actually have good noses on there products when you open the bottle unlike true terpenes I'm breathing though my nose so hard trying to find some smell that's not there.

14 Comments
2024/11/08
23:06 UTC

21

My terpene collection so far! I've got terps from all over.

32 Comments
2024/11/08
03:05 UTC

6

D-limonene: my thoughts on its effects in blends

I'm currently trying pure terpenes on their own and in blends to see how they affect the high, and now I've come to some opinions on d-limonene.

What's it feel like on its own?

I was not a fan of d-limonene on its own. I found it to be very intense and for little to no positive effects. It makes me feel warm (to the point of discomfort), very dumbfounded and loopy, a painful amount of headbanding, and some mild body tingling somewhat akin to a CBG-rich blend's body high but milder. It was just way too intense to be useful for anything in my experience using it by itself in sizable quantities.

What's it feel like in blends?

D-limonene in a low concentration in blends (1-5%) is mild in flavor, it tastes citrusy like lemon or orange. In terms of effects, what stands out the most is the very intense headbanding it adds, which can get borderline uncomfortable at times. In higher amounts it can make me feel very warm temperature-wise, almost like I'm overheating. I found it to be quite stimulating, almost serotonergic-feeling (not sure if that's what it actually is though). D-limonene is pretty dumbfounding as well, almost loopy, which can be overwhelming. I didn't notice much anxiety relief or mood boost, though.

Closing thoughts

Honestly, I was not a big fan of the way d-limonene feels in blends (or on its own for that matter). However, if you're someone who loves the headband effect of certain marijuana strains, this is probably the terpene for you.

9 Comments
2024/11/07
19:23 UTC

6

Beta-caryophyllene: a valuable tool on its own & in blends

I've spent some time experimenting with pure beta-caryophyllene and feel confident enough to give my opinions on it.

What is beta-caryophyllene (BCP)?

Beta-caryophyllene (BCP) is a naturally found terpene found in cloves, cannabis, and black pepper. It's a CB2 full agonist (Ki = 155 nM). You can buy it pure and use it for it's effects.

What's it feel like on its own?

On its own, I actually think BCP is pretty incredible in terms of its effects. It gives me a pressure behind my eyes, it's deeply physically and mentally relaxing, somewhat buzzy, lightly disinhibiting, and actually quite stoning. It's almost like being high, but with much less euphoria and not much psychoactivity. It's like a nice body high.

What's it feel like in blends?

In my opinion, BCP feels very similar to CBC, minus the warm, fuzzy mood boost and emotional enhancement. It's intensely relaxing, somewhat buzzy (similar to a CBG body high imo), and is decently stoning. You can really feel it in the eyes. It's like "dark mode CBC" (my favorite way to describe it).

Closing thoughts

I was extremely surprised by the effectiveness of the BCP, and it's really made me curious about other potential terpenes like d-limonene, a/b-pinene, myrcene, etc. I am actively testing more terpenes to see if I discover other similarly valuable tools. So far, nothing has come close to the sheer potency of the effect that BCP provides, but I'll keep looking. Hope you guys find this information useful <3

4 Comments
2024/11/07
19:22 UTC

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