It has been claimed that by around age 80, ~1% of our cells have become anaerobic due to clonal expansion of mtDNA deletions that, leaving the mt OXPHOS-negative, escape mitophagy. Their Krebs cycle is upregulated to produce sufficient ATP, but this requires upregulation of the plasma membrane redox system (PMRS) to convert NADH back to NAD+ to run Krebs, since Complex I in the ETC isn't doing it anymore.

Does anyone here have a peer-reviewed reference for the claim that among such anaerobic cells, the OXPHOS mutations are homoplasmic but variance between cells is significant?

I’am positive that we can achieve a positive revenue outlook of 50 mil in 2025.

What do yall think?