It's so ridiculous and badass at the same time he masterfully out maneuvers and surrounded a larger army while haveing no military experience mean while his opponent is dayan khan best mongol khan in 2 centurys the victory at yingzhou should have been impossible yet zhengde who was basically a man child accomplished the impossible they say their were only 18 confirmed killes but I believe that is probably ming confucian burecrats who hate him and qing dynasty rewriting that did that. Still it's incredible that he won.

Did they call their children by their names or did they use an honorific?

Would it have been different for a strict noble family?

And would there be any difference depending on the gender and age of the child?

Thank you 🙇🏻

Hello, I'm looking for books that explore how, over the centuries, the three countries influenced each others cultures, art etc. Deep dives into the influences of specific dynasties are welcome, too.

I been wondering about this considering the island's reputation for capitalism and as a prostitution hub esp in tandem with its strong film industry famed for exporting martial arts movies to the rest of the world.........

Why didn't Hong Kong develop a strong adult video market and other XXX goods the way Japan did? Especially as an export market (which Japan is known to be the largest in Asia for porno movies)?

And before someone brings up some rant about CCP censorship and stuff of that sort, it can't really be the answer at all since even back at the height of Hong Kong martial arts cinema in the 70s and 80s, there was no profitable adult niche market sending videos to all over the world of sexy HK girls the way Japan's AV industry makes huge profits from Western subscribers and exporting DVDs worldwide. Especially when you consider the fact increasing censorship inspired by pressure from China, the Hong Kong movie industry still releases stuff that would be R Rated in America for sexual content such as Due West: Our Sex Journey.

So I'm wondering why despite the mass issues with prostitution and how Hong Kong got a reputation for "happy massage parlors" internationally (or at least in many Western countries POV), did HK not create a local AV industry early on to become one of the great powers of the XXX market in the world just like Japan did?

My best 3 guesses are Mulan Hua, Lady from Yue, or Liang Hongyu. IMO she’s either a folklore/historical figure or Taoist Deity. Its painted on silk so old its brittle… AI says it resembles the style of paintings found in Song Dynasty if that helps? Just very curious whos hanging on my wall lol… The Sword being green seems significant somehow… Any thoughts?

Why is the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period of Imperial China not as popular as the Warring States period of Ancient China ?

It's quite ridiculous the han annihilation of the xiongnu is completely ignored and so is hongwu and yongles campaigns in mongolia or even zhengdes victory at yingzhou or the Tang pacifacation of gokturks or even yue feis half of Jin I saw some person post on this sub with like 56 upvotes it just seems like people are encouraged to say stupied stuff.

My study focus is mostly the early Tang, so I’m lacking wider historical context, but I read this comment earlier:

“One thing I haven't seen mentioned is that China never had a truly national army until the establishment of the CCP; the Chinese state relied on powerful generals throughout history to provide armies; even the Qing relied on these generals. As a result, their power was enormous. For example, the Qing had little interest in coastal affairs, but due to pressure from powerful Han generals consented to the invasion of Taiwan.“

How true is this? I assume the answer to this question is at least somewhat complex.

This is a question I have since I watched a course on Chinese history by Professor Kenneth Hammond. It's a constant in Chinese history of dynasties being humiliated by nomads (who would then form new dynasties that would eventually be destroyed by other nomads). China was much more developed (compared to the nomads) and had a "professional" army (I'm not sure if that’s the best way to classify it). The question came up again when I was reading about the Mongol conquests. But there may also be similarities with the early Turkish conquests in the Middle East and Anatolia. How were well-structured empires so fragile in the face of some nomad cultures?

I was reading an old article about automata throughout mythology/history and came upon this line:

"In China, too, the wise men cultivated the art of khwai shuh, by which a statue or portrait could be brought to life and employed as a slave."

The article is adapted from a book, Human Robots in Myth and Science (1967) by John Cohen.

Does anyone have any ideas of what "khwai shuh" is referring to? There was no Chinese transliteration and the spelling doesn't cohere to modern pinyin (as far as I know). Even just the Chinese characters would be a huge help. I'm trying to get my hands on the book so I can read the author's references (if there are any) but any leads would be tremendously helpful.

Also, there is no other context provided in the article about that line, so that's all I have to work with.

Are there any good books on the History of the KMT And the development of the NRA?

From an outside perspective they're considered Chinese, but how do modern Chinese think about these non-native dynasties?

As I read through a translation of the Book of Changes without any commentaries (not even the Ten Wings),

I'm really creeped out about demands to sacrifice captives from other states. Human sacrifices?!!!! Asking this seriously if this is really what the text is talking about.

In addition the texts also often includes in the opening description for many hexagram about making a sacrifice as an offering. I'd assume this means something like killing a goat or a cow or some other animals at an altar to a god after making a reading?

So I ask as someone who does engage in I Ching with modern tools (like apps and beginner's boxed kits , etc), were the human sacrifices and animal offerings as described in barebones translations without commentaries (esp without 10 Wings and other early additions), actually done in the past? So were early Chinese dynasties killing animals and even human beings every time they were doing forecasts using the I Ching method?

Were these sacrifices (if they were done as the I Ching translation I'm reading describes) gifts given to gods and goddesses from Chinese religions and mythology such as Guanyin?

https://smarthistory.org/eight-baekje-tiles-with-various-designs/

The designs are obviously beautiful and at the very least inspired by Chinese art. From what I understand, these were found at a site corresponding to the final capital of the Baekje kingdom at Sabi (538-660 AD).

I’m primarily concerned about the phoenix tile and its entire design.

What I’m asking specifically, is if the phoenix tile design, complete with the phoenix inside a circular border and the corner connectors, is if this specific design found only in Baekje?

Can this or a similar depiction of this design of the phoenix be found elsewhere in Korea, China, Japan or anywhere else?

Thank you!

From what I've seen, it seems like our of all the major civilization in pre-industrial history, China seemed to be very atheistic when it comes to governance. Is this true?

Other civilizations seemed to highly politicize religion, with priests and such in very high positions of powers. However, it seems rare for China to do this. Of course they had the Three Teachings, but they seemed to be not as likely to be used to justify political decisions. What do you think?

I often see on the internet people stating how bad the British were with the opium trade and how the Chinese wanted them to stop because so many people became addicted.

I was talking to my father, he said part of this is to fit a narrative because the Chinese government at the time did not care since they were already actively involved in the opium trade themselves and probably would have continued anyway had all the money gone to themselves (to an extent?).

How true is this?

Edit: I don't know why I'm being downvoted I just want to learn.

I'm writing a paper and need to compare and contrast slavery in the Abbasid Caliphate to slavery during the Tang Dynasty and I haven't been able to find more than one academic source in English that kind of works for this and it either doesn't specify dates or mostly refers to slavery under the Tang during the 600s (Daily Life in Traditional China: the Tang dynasty by Charles D. Benn).

Does anyone here know if should be trying a different type of library database search other than "slavery tang china" or of any academic books that mention slavery during the Tang Dynasty?

I grew up in the UK, a lot of my friends have many stories of their grandparents or great-grandparents participating in the world wars with many being around today still.

I'm from Hong Kong originally and have family from GZ but I don't seem to know anyone who was a soldier or was actively involved with the wars in China from around that period. Perhaps there have been some mentions but there are no details and perhaps I've not really asked but in the UK you don't really need to before the topic seems to come up at some point. It's not unusual for there to be photos, war memorabilia, or records of some sort.

Can someone explain why this might be the case?

Here I use the most rigorous definition of "Chinese civilization" that the Chinese civilization must be both "civilization of China" and "civilization of Chinese (people)". And I choose to define the start of the Chinese civilization as the foundation of the (Western) Zhou Dynasty, since Zhou Dynasty was the first regime to self-claim both Zhong-guo and Hua-Xia, and I discard any regime founded by non-ethnic-Chinese people even if they self-claimed China or Chinese, such as Yuan and Qing.

Chinese Civilization:

Western Zhou to Southern Song: 1046BC - 1279 AD = 2325 years

Ming (including Southern Ming): 1368 - 1662 = 294 years

ROC to now: 1912 - 2024 = 112 years

So the result is: 2325 + 294 + 112 = 2731 years with 2325 years of continuous civilization.

As a comparison:

Kemet (ancient Egypt) Civilization：

If we don't count the highly Egyptized Kushite Empire, i.e., the 25th Dynasty of Egypt, as part of the Kemet civilization:

1st to 14th dynasty and 16th to 24th dynasty: 3150BC -720BC = 2430 years

26th dynasty: 653BC - 525BC = 128 years

28th dynasty to 30th dynasty: 404BC - 343BC = 61 years

So the result is: 2430 + 128 + 61 = 2619 years with 2430 years of continuous civilization.

If we count the 25th dynasty:

1st to 14th dynasty and 16th to 26th dynasty: 3150BC - 525BC = 2625 years

28th dynasty to 30th dynasty: 404BC - 343BC = 61 years

So the result is: 2625 + 61 = 2686 years with 2625 years of continuous civilization.

Roman civilization:

If we don't count the modern Greece as the continuity of the Roman civilization:

founding of Rome-city to Angelos dynasty: 753BC - 1204 AD = 1957 years

Palaiologos dynasty: 1261 - 1453 = 192 years

So the result is: 1957 + 192 = 2149 years with 1957 years of continuous civilization.

If we count the modern Greece as the continuation of the Roman civilization since modern Greeks still more-or-less self-identified with Romans:

foundation of Rome-city to Angelos dynasty: 753BC - 1204 AD = 1957 years

Palaiologos dynasty: 1261 - 1453 = 192 years

Greek War of Independence to now: 1821 - 2024 = 203 years

So the result is: 1957 + 192 + 203 = 2352 years with 1957 years of continuous civilization.

So I really don't understand why some Chinese people like to claim the mysterious saying of "Five Thousand Years' Continuous Civilization", since their civilization is already long enough, possibly the longest, even in the most rigorous sense.

And do you think of the theory that China could have had a quasi-French revolution in the future if Ming officials didn't suppress the bourgeois class?

I heard about this mythologie story form china i was wondering how its viewed and if its a well known story i am writing about it for a history class and would like some input form people whom might grew up with it or know way more about it at this moment i am just starting the paper. just curious.

atm i only know the basics