Have a blessed week ahead.

Gospel According to Matthew, 5:1–12 (ESV):

The Sermon on the Mount

Seeing the crowds, he went up on the mountain, and when he sat down, his disciples came to him.

The Beatitudes

And he opened his mouth and taught them, saying: “Blessed are the poor in spirit, for theirs is the kingdom of heaven. Blessed are those who mourn, for they shall be comforted. Blessed are the meek, for they shall inherit the earth. Blessed are those who hunger and thirst for righteousness, for they shall be satisfied. Blessed are the merciful, for they shall receive mercy. Blessed are the pure in heart, for they shall see God. Blessed are the peacemakers, for they shall be called sons of God. Blessed are those who are persecuted for righteousness’ sake, for theirs is the kingdom of heaven. Blessed are you when others revile you and persecute you and utter all kinds of evil against you falsely on my account. Rejoice and be glad, for your reward is great in heaven, for so they persecuted the prophets who were before you.

Engelbrecht, E. A. (2009). The Lutheran Study Bible. Concordia Publishing House:

5:1–12 Jesus introduces His Sermon on the Mount with nine beatitudes that detail the future blessedness of His disciples. These promised blessings are God’s gracious gifts to those who repent of their sins and trust Christ for righteousness. Only after Jesus has assured His disciples of God’s goodness to them does He call on them, in the rest of His sermon, to be good and do good. When we recognize our own spiritual poverty, when the Lord leads us to hunger and thirst for God’s righteousness, when He makes us pure in heart so that we seek to worship only the true God, then we are blessed, now and forever. • Gracious Savior, keep my eyes ever focused on You and Your blessings, which are mine by grace alone. Amen.

Engelbrecht, E. A. (2009). The Lutheran Study Bible. Concordia Publishing House:

(Abbreviations Reference Guide: https://www.reddit.com/r/Sunday/comments/1dg8y2u/)

5:1 Seeing the crowds. Jesus separated Himself from the “great crowds” (4:25), though some did hear His teaching (7:28). mountain. Location unknown. Mountains were common sites for significant events (cf 17:1). Jesus’ teaching in chs 5–7 has long been known as the Sermon on the Mount. It is the first of five major sermons, or discourses, in Mt (cf ch 10; 13:1–52; ch 18; chs 24–25). Aug: “The sermon before us is perfect in all the precepts by which the Christian life is moulded” (NPNF 1 6:3). sat down. Rabbis typically sat to teach. disciples. Gk mathetes; “learner,” “apprentice.” Common in Gospels and Ac, but never used in Epistles. Often means the 12 called “apostles” (10:1–2), but can also mean a larger group of adherents. The feminine form appears once (see note, Ac 9:36). Here, the term includes the four fishermen (cf 4:18–22) plus others from the crowds who responded to Jesus’ call to repent.

5:3–11 Blessed. Jesus began His sermon by nine times declaring His disciples blessed because of what God had in store for them. Jesus was not making ethical demands of His followers but was describing blessings they would fully enjoy in the new heaven and new earth (Rv 21:1). The beatitudes are a common literary form found throughout Scripture (e.g., Ps 1:1; Lk 11:28; Rv 19:9).

5:3 poor in spirit. The spiritually poor who acknowledge their moral bankruptcy. Cf Lk 4:18. theirs is the kingdom of heaven. A possession that disciples enjoy even now by faith. This blessing is repeated in v 10. Aug: “The one reward, which is the kingdom of heaven, is variously named [in the Beatitudes]” (NPNF 1 6:7).

5:4 mourn. Over sin; similar to the spiritually poor (see note, v 3). comforted. The comfort the Messiah brings will be fully realized in heaven.

5:5 meek. Lowly, humble. inherit the earth. We will inherit the new heavens and new earth after our bodies are resurrected on the Last Day.

5:6 hunger and thirst for righteousness. Fervent desire for God’s righteousness, or salvation (Is 51:5–8; cf 3:15). satisfied. Luth: “We have the clear assurance that God does not cast aside sinners, that is, those who recognize their sin and desire to come to their senses, who thirst for righteousness (Matt. 5:6)” (AE 2:41).

5:7 merciful … receive mercy. A disciple who truly appreciates God’s blessings will be a merciful person and will receive mercy (cf 18:33).

5:8 pure in heart. Those who do not worship false gods. Aug: “A pure heart … is a single heart: and just as this light cannot be seen, except with pure eyes; so neither is God seen, unless that is pure by which He can be seen” (NPNF 1 6:5). see God. The worshiper in Ps 24 who sought the face of God experienced the coming of the King of glory (vv 7–10). Such disciples look forward to seeing God. See note, Jn 1:18: «No one has ever seen God. Chrys: “[The prophets saw] instances of (His) condescension, not the vision of the Essence itself unveiled” (NPNF 1 14:51). only. Gk monogenes, “only-begotten”; expresses Christ’s divinity and origin from the Father, and thus His complete uniqueness from all other beings. at the Father’s side … made Him known. Whoever saw Christ, therefore, saw the Father (cf 14:9), in whom Christ was always abiding.»

5:9 peacemakers. Jesus would send out His disciples to bring peace to those who were worthy (10:13). called sons of God. The Son of God is named the Prince of Peace (Is 9:6). Those who trust in Him are blessed by being God’s sons and daughters (Gal 3:26–28).

5:10 persecuted for righteousness’ sake. Jesus later warned the disciples He sent out as peacemakers (v 9) that persecution would also be their lot (10:16–22). Aug: “Where there is no sound faith, there can be no righteousness, for the just [righteous] man lives by faith” (NPNF 1 6:7). theirs … heaven. See note, v 3.

5:11 Blessed are you. Jesus spoke the first eight beatitudes using the third person (“they”). In this final beatitude, He addressed His disciples directly using the second person (“you”) for emphasis. He continued using “you” until 7:13. on My account. For being Christ’s disciple. “Troubles are not always punishments for certain past deeds, but they are God’s works, intended for our benefit, and that God’s power might be made more apparent in our weakness” (Ap XIIB 63).

5:12 Rejoice and be glad. The source of joy for a disciple who suffers persecution is the promise of heaven. reward. Though Jesus used this term when referring to heavenly blessings, He taught that the reward would be based on God’s goodness, not the amount of work done (cf 20:1–15). Any reward our heavenly Father gives is an expression of His grace. “We confess that eternal life is a reward; it is something due because of the promise, not because of our merits” (Ap V 241). Hus: “When [a disciple] has patiently continued to endure[,] it helps to purify him as tools [purify] iron, and fire gold, and it helps to increase his reward of beatitude” (The Church, p 270). See notes, 1Co 3:8, 14: «one. Equal and united. wages. The reward for faithful service, not implying that one can earn salvation. God’s favor is unmerited (e.g., Eph 2:8). The joy of success in Christ surpasses any payment. “We teach that rewards have been offered and promised for the works of believers. We teach that good works have merit, not for forgiveness of sins, for grace, or for justification (for these we receive only through faith), but for other rewards, bodily and spiritual, in this life and after this life” (Ap V 73). Just as fire tests the durability of various building materials, Christ’s judgment will expose whether deeds and teachings are pure or impure. “The ‘foundation’ is the true knowledge of Christ and faith. There are also many weak persons, who build upon the foundation stubble that will perish (1Co 3:12), holding certain harmful opinions. Nevertheless, because the weak do not overthrow the foundation, they are both forgiven and corrected. The writings of the Holy Fathers declare that sometimes even they built stubble upon the foundation, but that this did not overthrow their faith” (Ap VII and VIII 20–21).» prophets. OT prophets were persecuted (cf 2Ch 24:21; Jer 20:2).

Welcome to Sunday -- This Discussion thread, much like the main thread in Tuesday, is for broader discussion than the main focus of the subreddit -- Although we would like it if we could get a focus on the religious, philosophical, and ethical discussions that the focus of the subreddit is on. That way we get to keep religion and politics separate!

The same rules apply as on Tuesday.

Have a blessed week ahead.

Gospel according to John, 8:31–38 (ESV):

The Truth Will Set You Free

So Jesus said to the Jews who had believed him, “If you abide in my word, you are truly my disciples, and you will know the truth, and the truth will set you free.” They answered him, “We are offspring of Abraham and have never been enslaved to anyone. How is it that you say, ‘You will become free’?”

Jesus answered them, “Truly, truly, I say to you, everyone who practices sin is a slave to sin. The slave does not remain in the house forever; the son remains forever. So if the Son sets you free, you will be free indeed. I know that you are offspring of Abraham; yet you seek to kill me because my word finds no place in you. I speak of what I have seen with my Father, and you do what you have heard from your father.”

Engelbrecht, E. A. (2009). The Lutheran Study Bible. Concordia Publishing House:

8:31–38 Jews with a weak faith in Jesus balk when He says that true freedom comes through Him and His teaching. Humans are self-centered from birth and in bondage to sin, unable to please God (Rm 8:8). Through Jesus’ sacrificial death and resurrection, He provides liberation from sin, death, and the devil to all who believe and are baptized into His name. • Grant that I may remain faithful to Your Word until my last hour, O Lord. Amen.

Engelbrecht, E. A. (2009). The Lutheran Study Bible. Concordia Publishing House:

(Abbreviations Reference Guide: https://www.reddit.com/r/Sunday/comments/1dg8y2u/)

8:31 abide in My word. Speaking to those whose belief in Him was superficial, Jesus explained that discipleship meant accepting all of His teaching and remaining faithful to it. See note, 6:56: «abides. Major theme in Jn, defining the relationship not only of persons in the Trinity (1:32–33; 14:10; 15:10), but also between believers and Christ (5:38; 8:31; 15:7, 9–10). Bern: “I wish to follow with all my strength the lowly Jesus; I wish Him, who loved me and gave Himself for me, to embrace me with the arms of His love, which suffered in my stead; but I must also feed on the Paschal Lamb, for unless I eat His Flesh and drink His Blood I have no life in me. It is one thing to follow Jesus, another to hold Him, another to feed on Him. To follow Him is a life-giving purpose; to hold and embrace Him a solemn joy; to feed on Him a blissful life” (SLSB, pp 292–93).»

8:32 truth will set you free. Cf 14:6. Only in Jesus and His teaching will anyone be free from sin, death, and Satan’s rule, and thus free to serve God with a pure heart. In contrast, Judaism taught that study of God’s Law made a person free.

8:33 never been enslaved. Though presently subject to Rome and the Herodians, these proud leaders asserted their independence by appealing to the heritage of Abraham, a free man.

8:34 slave to sin. Since the fall, all people are sinners and enslaved to sin, bound to self-centeredness, doomed to death, and blind to their slavery.

8:35–36 A slave can never be sure of present or future status. Only the Son, Jesus Christ, can bring genuine freedom and make us children of God through faith.

8:36 “As Christ says, [baptized people] have been made free again [John 8:36]. Therefore, they are able not only to hear the Word, but also to agree with it and accept it, although in great weakness” (FC SD II 67).

8:37 you seek to kill Me. Cf 7:19, 25.

Welcome to Sunday -- This Discussion thread, much like the main thread in Tuesday, is for broader discussion than the main focus of the subreddit -- Although we would like it if we could get a focus on the religious, philosophical, and ethical discussions that the focus of the subreddit is on. That way we get to keep religion and politics separate!

The same rules apply as on Tuesday.

Gospel According to Mark, 10:23–31 (ESV):

And Jesus looked around and said to his disciples, “How difficult it will be for those who have wealth to enter the kingdom of God!” And the disciples were amazed at his words. But Jesus said to them again, “Children, how difficult it is to enter the kingdom of God! It is easier for a camel to go through the eye of a needle than for a rich person to enter the kingdom of God.” And they were exceedingly astonished, and said to him, “Then who can be saved?” Jesus looked at them and said, “With man it is impossible, but not with God. For all things are possible with God.” Peter began to say to him, “See, we have left everything and followed you.” Jesus said, “Truly, I say to you, there is no one who has left house or brothers or sisters or mother or father or children or lands, for my sake and for the gospel, who will not receive a hundredfold now in this time, houses and brothers and sisters and mothers and children and lands, with persecutions, and in the age to come eternal life. But many who are first will be last, and the last first.”

Engelbrecht, E. A. (2009). The Lutheran Study Bible. Concordia Publishing House:

(Abbreviations Reference Guide: https://www.reddit.com/r/Sunday/comments/1dg8y2u/)

10:17–31 Jesus teaches His disciples that not even people with the greatest worldly means (e.g., a rich man) can enter the kingdom of God on their own merit. We cannot justify ourselves; we receive salvation (“inherit eternal life”) solely by grace through faith in Jesus, just like a little child (10:13–16). • “My heart’s delight, My crown most bright, O Christ, my joy forever. Not wealth nor pride Nor fortune’s tide Our bonds of love shall sever.” Amen. (LSB 557:4)

Engelbrecht, E. A. (2009). The Lutheran Study Bible. Concordia Publishing House:

(Abbreviations Reference Guide: https://www.reddit.com/r/Sunday/comments/1dg8y2u/)

10:24–25 See note, Mt 19:23–24: “Jesus does not state that rich people cannot be saved. camel … needle. Hyperbolic imagery to impress upon His hearers just how serious an impediment riches can be. Significantly, the NT depicts numerous wealthy people becoming disciples and using their money and influence in a God-pleasing way (e.g., Joseph of Arimathea, Mt 27:57–61; Zacchaeus, Lk 19:1–10; Lydia, Ac 16:13–15). See note, Mk 10:25.”

10:24 amazed. The Jews regarded wealth as a mark of God’s favor. The disciples thought rich people had the best chance to enter the kingdom of God because of all the good things they could afford to do. Children. Term of affection. how difficult it is to enter. Understatement. No people will ever enter the Kingdom based on their own reason or strength.

10:25 Even the rich fail to enter the kingdom of God by their own efforts. A camel, proverbially the largest animal, had a better chance of slipping through the eye of a needle, proverbially the smallest opening, than the most favored human being had of entering the kingdom of God through works.

10:26 The disciples thought that Jesus had just told them that no human could enter the kingdom of God.

10:27 People cannot enter the kingdom of God on their own merit. Yet, God calls and gathers people into His kingdom by grace (cf Rm 3:21–26).

10:28 See note, Mt 19:27: “Though based on a misunderstanding, Peter’s anguished cry is nonetheless poignant, for he had left everything to follow Jesus. Owing to the heartfelt nature of Peter’s exclamation, Jesus responds not with a rebuke but with a wonderful promise and reassurance (Mt 19:28–30).”

10:29 Following Jesus entailed the loss of possessions, even life itself. “He is speaking not of those who injure wife and children, but who bear injury because of the confession of the Gospel. For the Gospel’s sake we should even leave our body” (Ap XXVII 41–42).

10:30 hundredfold. More than replacing what we lost to follow Him. persecutions. Satan will always stir up opposition against God’s people. age to come. After the resurrection of the dead (cf Mt 19:28).

10:31 The poor, sinners, and Gentiles whose confidence was in God alone would enter the Kingdom ahead of those whose spiritual confidence was in their worldly power and wealth.

Welcome to Sunday -- This Discussion thread, much like the main thread in Tuesday, is for broader discussion than the main focus of the subreddit -- Although we would like it if we could get a focus on the religious, philosophical, and ethical discussions that the focus of the subreddit is on. That way we get to keep religion and politics separate!

The same rules apply as on Tuesday.

Gospel According to Mark, 10:17–22 (ESV):

The Rich Young Man

And as he was setting out on his journey, a man ran up and knelt before him and asked him, “Good Teacher, what must I do to inherit eternal life?” And Jesus said to him, “Why do you call me good? No one is good except God alone. You know the commandments: ‘Do not murder, Do not commit adultery, Do not steal, Do not bear false witness, Do not defraud, Honor your father and mother.’” And he said to him, “Teacher, all these I have kept from my youth.” And Jesus, looking at him, loved him, and said to him, “You lack one thing: go, sell all that you have and give to the poor, and you will have treasure in heaven; and come, follow me.” Disheartened by the saying, he went away sorrowful, for he had great possessions.

Engelbrecht, E. A. (2009). The Lutheran Study Bible. Concordia Publishing House:

(Abbreviations Reference Guide: https://www.reddit.com/r/Sunday/comments/1dg8y2u/)

10:17–31 Jesus teaches His disciples that not even people with the greatest worldly means (e.g., a rich man) can enter the kingdom of God on their own merit. We cannot justify ourselves; we receive salvation (“inherit eternal life”) solely by grace through faith in Jesus, just like a little child (10:13–16). • “My heart’s delight, My crown most bright, O Christ, my joy forever. Not wealth nor pride Nor fortune’s tide Our bonds of love shall sever.” Amen. (LSB 557:4)

Engelbrecht, E. A. (2009). The Lutheran Study Bible. Concordia Publishing House:

(Abbreviations Reference Guide: https://www.reddit.com/r/Sunday/comments/1dg8y2u/)

10:17 Teacher. See note, Mt 8:19: “Teacher. Gk didaskalos corresponds to Hbr rabbi. Strangers and critics (e.g., scribes) used this term when addressing Jesus to show they did not regard Him as an authority (cf Mt 12:38). Jesus’ disciples seldom used this term (cf Mt 8:2, 6).” inherit. Inheritance is not given based on merit. See “heir,” p 1902: «heir. Gk kleronomos, “one who receives the promise” or “chosen one.” Describes the relationship of believers to the heavenly Father, based on grace.»

10:18 God alone. Jesus changes the focus from the man’s works to who God is.

10:19 See note, Mt 19:18–19: “Jesus summarizes the Second Table of the Law (Commandments 4–10). Though Jesus fulfilled on our behalf the ceremonial aspects of the Mosaic Law (circumcision, clean/unclean, Sabbath observance, and the like), He strictly upheld the enduring validity of the Law’s moral code, which has to do with our treatment of fellow human beings. That emphasis fits perfectly with the demand Jesus will lay upon this young man in Mt 19:21.” defraud. Refers to coveting (Ex 20:17).

10:21 See note, Mt 19:21: “perfect. Perfection involves not only avoiding sins but also actively fulfilling acts of sacrificial love. sell. Jesus addresses the man’s greatest weakness. Though he claimed to keep all the Commandments, he failed to keep the first one because he loved his wealth more than he loved God. give to the poor. Jesus proclaims a harsh Law. Though this expectation is tailored to this young man, Jesus does expect charity from all disciples. treasure in heaven. Faithful generosity here on earth will result in the Lord rewarding us in heaven (cf Mt 25:31–46), but it does not cause us to be in heaven. That is the gift of Christ’s grace alone. Neither are these rewards the best motive for serving others; that is a response of a grateful faith. follow Me. How Jesus invited people into discipleship (Mt 4:19–22; 9:9; 16:24).” loved him. Jesus did not speak harshly or out of anger, but compassionately. He sought to strip away the man’s self-deception about having kept the Law.

Welcome to Sunday -- This Discussion thread, much like the main thread in Tuesday, is for broader discussion than the main focus of the subreddit -- Although we would like it if we could get a focus on the religious, philosophical, and ethical discussions that the focus of the subreddit is on. That way we get to keep religion and politics separate!

The same rules apply as on Tuesday.

Gospel According to Mark, 10:2–16 (ESV):

And Pharisees came up and in order to test him asked, “Is it lawful for a man to divorce his wife?” He answered them, “What did Moses command you?” They said, “Moses allowed a man to write a certificate of divorce and to send her away.” And Jesus said to them, “Because of your hardness of heart he wrote you this commandment. But from the beginning of creation, ‘God made them male and female.’ ‘Therefore a man shall leave his father and mother and hold fast to his wife, and the two shall become one flesh.’ So they are no longer two but one flesh. What therefore God has joined together, let not man separate.”

And in the house the disciples asked him again about this matter. And he said to them, “Whoever divorces his wife and marries another commits adultery against her, and if she divorces her husband and marries another, she commits adultery.”

Let the Children Come to Me

And they were bringing children to him that he might touch them, and the disciples rebuked them. But when Jesus saw it, he was indignant and said to them, “Let the children come to me; do not hinder them, for to such belongs the kingdom of God. Truly, I say to you, whoever does not receive the kingdom of God like a child shall not enter it.” And he took them in his arms and blessed them, laying his hands on them.

Engelbrecht, E. A. (2009). The Lutheran Study Bible. Concordia Publishing House:

(Abbreviations Reference Guide: https://www.reddit.com/r/Sunday/comments/1dg8y2u/)

10:1–12 Jesus teaches that God wants a man and a woman in marriage to be exclusively committed to each other for life. Attempts to alter or get around God’s good intentions bring condemnation, not greater liberty. Thoughtfully and prayerfully embrace God’s ways. What He establishes is for our good and stems from His love and grace. • “O Spirit of the Father, Breathe on them from above, So searching in Your pureness, So tender in Your love That, guarded by Your presence And kept from strife and sin, Their hearts may heed Your guidance And know You dwell within.” Amen. (LSB 858:3)

10:13–16 This story is the key to the chapter, showing us that salvation is a gift of grace through faith in Jesus Christ. We trust the Lord as a child trusts a parent. We do not earn God’s love and favor by keeping the Law, especially when we look for loopholes to excuse our sinful behavior (cf 10:1–12). All people, like helpless children, receive Jesus’ blessing and enter the Kingdom through faith in Him. • “You have promised to receive us, Poor and sinful though we be; You have mercy to relieve us, Grace to cleanse, and pow’r to free. Blessed Jesus, blessed Jesus, Early let us turn to You. Blessed Jesus, blessed Jesus, Early let us turn to You.” Amen. (LSB 711:3)

Engelbrecht, E. A. (2009). The Lutheran Study Bible. Concordia Publishing House:

(Abbreviations Reference Guide: https://www.reddit.com/r/Sunday/comments/1dg8y2u/)

Ch 10 The key to this chapter is that God accepts us by grace through faith in Jesus, not through obedience or status, just as children receive love they do not earn.

10:2 The Pharisees sought either to justify themselves or to trap Jesus.

10:4 certificate of divorce. See note, Dt 24:1: «some indecency. Lit, “nakedness”; suggests indecent exposure, not adultery, for that would be punished by death. Luther condemned this perversion: “If one took a fancy to another’s wife, he might declare any reason both to dismiss his own wife and to estrange his neighbor’s wife from him, so that he might get her in a way that appeared right. That was not considered a sin or a disgrace among them” (LC I 295). writes. Israel’s leadership was likely literate, but the general population probably was not.»

10:5 hardness of heart. See note, Mt 19:8: «Because of the perennial problem of failed marriages, the Law given to Moses made provision for divorce. Even so, Jesus shows divorce was never a part of God’s intention, but a concession made because of “hardness of heart.” This also illustrates why the civil laws of the OT could not remain in force forever—they were designed to meet the needs of Israel.»; see also “Hard-heartedness,” p 1653: «Of the Gospels, Mark provides the most negative description of Jesus’ disciples. In 6:45–52 and 8:14–21, they fail to understand who Jesus is and what He is teaching (cf 4:13, 35–41; 7:14–19; 8:1–10; 9:14–19, 33–37; 10:13–16, 35–45; 14:3–21, 26–31; 16:14). He repeatedly refers to hardness of heart (3:5; 6:52; 8:17; 10:5), which is how the Lord described Pharaoh in the exodus. Even the women, who faithfully mourn at Jesus’ crucifixion and visit His tomb, flee in fear at the announcement of the resurrection (16:8). This emphasis prompts readers to consider the condition of their own hearts and faith.»

10:6–8 God intended marriage to be lifelong. See notes, Mt 19:4–5, 6: “Rather than immediately answering His opponents’ question, Jesus first underlines God’s intent for marriage. Quoting Gn 1:27; 2:24, Jesus emphasizes God’s will that married couples share a lifelong, monogamous union, and that gender is an essential feature of God’s created order. God has joined. Marriage is a divine institution, not merely a cultural institution that can be changed at will. let not man separate. God desires that married couples remain together until parted by death.”

10:11–12 Jesus likely shocked His disciples (cf Mt 19:10), since other teachers were more permissive and even the law seemed to grant this as a right. See note, Mt 19:9: “except for sexual immorality. Jesus does not teach that divorce is required if husband or wife has sexual contact with another outside of marriage. In some cases, through repentance and forgiveness, couples are able to overcome such immorality. This exception clause simply allows for the possibility. commits adultery. Divorce and remarriage for reasons other than sexual immorality result in a union that is inherently adulterous. Jesus permits remarriage only if one is widowed or the victim of a spouse’s sexual immorality.”

10:13 touch. To bless them. See note, Mt 19:13: “lay His hands on them and pray. OT associates the imposition of hands most often with sacrificial (Lv 1:4) and consecratory rites (Dt 34:9). However, examples in Gn 27:23; 48:14–18 show that blessings and inheritance were bestowed on family members in this way.” disciples rebuked them. They thought children were not important and thus limited their access to Jesus. Cf 9:36–37.

10:14 See note, Lk 18:16: “to such belongs the kingdom. The kingdom of God comes to all who humbly trust the Lord, no matter what their age or status (1Co 1:27–29). belongs. Just as an infant may inherit the parents’ blessings and property, so any person may receive the inheritance of God’s kingdom—salvation. Grace, faith, and everlasting life are gifts of God.” indignant. Righteous anger.

10:15 the kingdom. The kingdom of God’s grace, equivalent to salvation. like a child. In simple trust. See note, Mt 18:5: “one such child. One who humbly trusts in the Lord (Mt 18:4). Jesus identified Himself with such children (Mt 11:25; 25:40, 45).” “I act as a child who is being taught the catechism.… But I must remain a child and pupil of the catechism, and am glad to remain so” (LC, Longer Preface 7–8).

10:16 blessed. See note, Mt 19:13: “lay His hands on them and pray. OT associates the imposition of hands most often with sacrificial (Lv 1:4) and consecratory rites (Dt 34:9). However, examples in Gn 27:23; 48:14–18 show that blessings and inheritance were bestowed on family members in this way.”; see also p 842: «blessed. Hbr ’ashar, “happy, blissful” having God’s gifts.» laying His hands on them. See note, Mt 19:15: “laid His hands on them. Jesus often touched those whom He was healing (Mt 8:3, 15; 9:29; 20:34); here He imparts another kind of blessing.”

Welcome to Sunday -- This Discussion thread, much like the main thread in Tuesday, is for broader discussion than the main focus of the subreddit -- Although we would like it if we could get a focus on the religious, philosophical, and ethical discussions that the focus of the subreddit is on. That way we get to keep religion and politics separate!

The same rules apply as on Tuesday.

Have a blessed week ahead.

Gospel According to Mark, 9:38–50 (ESV)

Anyone Not Against Us Is for Us

John said to him, “Teacher, we saw someone casting out demons in your name, and we tried to stop him, because he was not following us.” But Jesus said, “Do not stop him, for no one who does a mighty work in my name will be able soon afterward to speak evil of me. For the one who is not against us is for us. For truly, I say to you, whoever gives you a cup of water to drink because you belong to Christ will by no means lose his reward.

Temptations to Sin

“Whoever causes one of these little ones who believe in me to sin, it would be better for him if a great millstone were hung around his neck and he were thrown into the sea. And if your hand causes you to sin, cut it off. It is better for you to enter life crippled than with two hands to go to hell, to the unquenchable fire. And if your foot causes you to sin, cut it off. It is better for you to enter life lame than with two feet to be thrown into hell. And if your eye causes you to sin, tear it out. It is better for you to enter the kingdom of God with one eye than with two eyes to be thrown into hell, ‘where their worm does not die and the fire is not quenched.’ For everyone will be salted with fire. Salt is good, but if the salt has lost its saltiness, how will you make it salty again? Have salt in yourselves, and be at peace with one another.”

Engelbrecht, E. A. (2009). The Lutheran Study Bible. Concordia Publishing House:

9:38–41 Jesus opens the disciples’ eyes to see those who do God’s work in dramatic or simple ways. The work of God goes far beyond us. He shows His power and kindness through great life-changing miracles and simple cups of water. • Lord, thank You for Your work through the lives of others. Lead me to welcome those miracles and mercies that You show through every one of Your people. Amen.

9:42–50 Nothing is more important than retaining the faith unto eternal life. Let nothing come between you and the Savior. Though He tests us with fire, He does not consume His own people. Rejoice, for God graciously gives us the faith in which He preserves us to eternity. • Lord, give us the lasting faith that can persevere through every trial. Empty our hands of anything that competes with You, and let us hold firmly to You eternally. Amen.

Engelbrecht, E. A. (2009). The Lutheran Study Bible. Concordia Publishing House:

(Abbreviations Reference Guide: https://www.reddit.com/r/Sunday/comments/1dg8y2u/)

9:38 Teacher. See note, Mt 8:19: «Gk didaskalos corresponds to Hbr rabbi. Strangers and critics (e.g., scribes) used this term when addressing Jesus to show they did not regard Him as an authority (cf Mt 12:38). Jesus’ disciples seldom used this term (cf Mt 8:2, 6).» we tried to stop him. The disciples were protecting their exclusive status with Jesus.

9:39 a mighty work in My name. Exorcism, a divine work that should not be stopped. speak evil of Me. One who worked good in God’s name would not curse His name.

9:41 Smallest kindness of God could be as simple as giving a cup of water. you belong to Christ. Even a small, generous act gives glory to Christ (v 37). reward. See note, Mt 5:12: «Though Jesus used this term when referring to heavenly blessings, He taught that the reward would be based on God’s goodness, not the amount of work done (cf Mt 20:1–15). Any reward our heavenly Father gives is an expression of His grace. “We confess that eternal life is a reward; it is something due because of the promise, not because of our merits” (Ap V 241). Hus: “When [a disciple] has patiently continued to endure[,] it helps to purify him as tools [purify] iron, and fire gold, and it helps to increase his reward of beatitude” (The Church, p 270).»

9:42 little ones. Gk micros, “smallest child” (cf vv 36–37; 10:13–16). to sin. Results in the loss of faith. great millstone. See note, Jb 41:24: “Commonly made from black basalt, a fine-grained volcanic stone.”

9:43 Nothing is more important than faith unto eternal life. hell. Gk geenna; from Hbr name for the Hinnom Valley southwest of Jerusalem, where humans were sacrificed (2Ch 28:3; 33:6) and garbage was dumped (2Ki 23:10). Fire was constantly present in the Hinnom Valley due to sacrifices and burning trash; this became a figure for the everlasting fire of hell, as the ESV translation suggests. Used only in Mk (vv 43, 45, 47).

9:47 kingdom of God … hell. Heaven and eternal life in contrast to eternal death.

9:48 The torments of hell.

9:49 salted with fire. Fire purified and salt preserved. Christians may be kept in the true faith through the trials they endure.

9:50 See note, Mt 5:13: «salt of the earth. By their way of life, Jesus’ disciples are to be as useful as salt is. lost its taste. Becoming useless. saltiness be restored? Lit, “How shall it [humankind] be salted?” Humanity will not benefit if salt—or disciples—become useless. One might as well throw it out to be trampled underfoot.» peace. Faith brought peace, which was esp needed among contentious disciples.

Welcome to Sunday -- This Discussion thread, much like the main thread in Tuesday, is for broader discussion than the main focus of the subreddit -- Although we would like it if we could get a focus on the religious, philosophical, and ethical discussions that the focus of the subreddit is on. That way we get to keep religion and politics separate!

The same rules apply as on Tuesday.

Have a blessed week ahead.

Gospel According to Mark, 9:30–37 (ESV):

Jesus Again Foretells Death, Resurrection

They went on from there and passed through Galilee. And he did not want anyone to know, for he was teaching his disciples, saying to them, “The Son of Man is going to be delivered into the hands of men, and they will kill him. And when he is killed, after three days he will rise.” But they did not understand the saying, and were afraid to ask him.

Who Is the Greatest?

And they came to Capernaum. And when he was in the house he asked them, “What were you discussing on the way?” But they kept silent, for on the way they had argued with one another about who was the greatest. And he sat down and called the twelve. And he said to them, “If anyone would be first, he must be last of all and servant of all.” And he took a child and put him in the midst of them, and taking him in his arms, he said to them, “Whoever receives one such child in my name receives me, and whoever receives me, receives not me but him who sent me.”

Engelbrecht, E. A. (2009). The Lutheran Study Bible. Concordia Publishing House:

9:30–32 Jesus repeats the prophecy of His Passion and resurrection while the disciples listen in frightened silence. Death is frightening and confusing when we cannot see the promised resurrection. Yet, Jesus bears our fears as well as our sins on the cross in order to deliver us. • Lord, break our fear of death by reminding us that You have died, never to die again. Today, open our frightened hearts with the resurrection’s promise; one day, open our closed eyes with the resurrection’s power. Amen.

9:33–37 Confused by Jesus’ prediction of His death, the disciples return to a subject they know well, their own greatness. Jesus shows them that true status is found in serving those whom God values. When we are tempted to debate who is the greatest, we should instead look to where the Master hangs on the cross. He represents us before the Father in order to redeem us, and He leads us by the cross into a new life. • Lord, forgive us for our battles over greatness. Remind us that You alone are great, for You have served the least among us. Amen.

Engelbrecht, E. A. (2009). The Lutheran Study Bible. Concordia Publishing House:

(Abbreviations Reference Guide: https://www.reddit.com/r/Sunday/comments/1dg8y2u/)

9:30–32 Second of Jesus’ three predictions of His death and resurrection. The disciples’ confusion continued, even though Jesus taught them repeatedly. See note, 8:31: “Though Is 52:13–53:12 predicted that God’s Servant would suffer and die for the benefit of His people, the disciples would prove unable to accept such suffering. Jesus repeats this prediction twice in Mk (9:31; 10:33–34), so that there end up being three Passion predictions, one for each of Peter’s denials in 14:66–72. After each Passion prediction, Jesus continues by teaching about discipleship.” Luth: “[The Law] attacks Him and kills Him. By this deed the whole world is purged and expiated from all sins, and thus it is set free from death and from every evil. But when sin and death have been abolished by this one man, God does not want to see anything else in the whole world, especially if it were to believe, except sheer cleansing and righteousness. And if any remnants of sin were to remain, still for the sake of Christ, the shining Sun, God would not notice them” (AE 26:280).

9:33 in the house. See note, v 28: “Jesus often gathered the disciples by themselves after a significant event (1:29; 4:10; 4:34; 9:33).”

9:34 Ironically, after the transfiguration and Jesus’ Passion prediction, the disciples debated which of them was greatest. See note, Lk 9:46: “The disciples were expecting an earthly kingdom, in which they might occupy positions of power and prestige. They began to argue about leadership positions.”

9:35 first … last … servant of all. Jesus described His own life.

9:37 Jesus emphasizes service and humility. Though the child appeared insignificant, he was treasured by and connected to the Lord, who focused on serving others. In the kingdom of God, every disciple represents the Lord. Him who sent Me. The Father.

Welcome to Sunday -- This Discussion thread, much like the main thread in Tuesday, is for broader discussion than the main focus of the subreddit -- Although we would like it if we could get a focus on the religious, philosophical, and ethical discussions that the focus of the subreddit is on. That way we get to keep religion and politics separate!

The same rules apply as on Tuesday.

Have a blessed week ahead.

Gospel According to Mark, 9:14–29 (ESV):

Jesus Heals a Boy with an Unclean Spirit

And when they came to the disciples, they saw a great crowd around them, and scribes arguing with them. And immediately all the crowd, when they saw him, were greatly amazed and ran up to him and greeted him. And he asked them, “What are you arguing about with them?” And someone from the crowd answered him, “Teacher, I brought my son to you, for he has a spirit that makes him mute. And whenever it seizes him, it throws him down, and he foams and grinds his teeth and becomes rigid. So I asked your disciples to cast it out, and they were not able.” And he answered them, “O faithless generation, how long am I to be with you? How long am I to bear with you? Bring him to me.” And they brought the boy to him. And when the spirit saw him, immediately it convulsed the boy, and he fell on the ground and rolled about, foaming at the mouth. And Jesus asked his father, “How long has this been happening to him?” And he said, “From childhood. And it has often cast him into fire and into water, to destroy him. But if you can do anything, have compassion on us and help us.” And Jesus said to him, “‘If you can’! All things are possible for one who believes.” Immediately the father of the child cried out and said, “I believe; help my unbelief!” And when Jesus saw that a crowd came running together, he rebuked the unclean spirit, saying to it, “You mute and deaf spirit, I command you, come out of him and never enter him again.” And after crying out and convulsing him terribly, it came out, and the boy was like a corpse, so that most of them said, “He is dead.” But Jesus took him by the hand and lifted him up, and he arose. And when he had entered the house, his disciples asked him privately, “Why could we not cast it out?” And he said to them, “This kind cannot be driven out by anything but prayer.”

Engelbrecht, E. A. (2009). The Lutheran Study Bible. Concordia Publishing House:

9:14–29 Jesus descends from the transfiguration and meets a defiant demon, an anxious father, an astonished crowd, and despairing disciples. Despair threatens to overwhelm our faith too by pointing out how we fail to change or improve, suggesting that God neither cares for us nor has power to help. However, Jesus does not linger in the glory of the transfiguration, but graciously descends to a world of despair and doubt so that He might deliver us. • Lord, thank You for Your compassion, which brings You to our world of pain and dismay. Give us faith to overcome our doubts, and help us believe that all things are possible with You. Amen.

Engelbrecht, E. A. (2009). The Lutheran Study Bible. Concordia Publishing House:

(Abbreviations Reference Guide: https://www.reddit.com/r/Sunday/comments/1dg8y2u/)

9:14 scribes arguing. See note, 1:22: «Jesus never used the prophetic formula “thus says the LORD.” In contrast to the scribes, whose authority derived from the teachings they received from their forefathers, Jesus spoke as one uniquely authorized by His Father in heaven.»

9:17 Teacher. See note, Mt 8:19: “Gk didaskalos corresponds to Hbr rabbi. Strangers and critics (e.g., scribes) used this term when addressing Jesus to show they did not regard Him as an authority (cf 12:38). Jesus’ disciples seldom used this term (cf vv 2, 6).” a spirit that makes him mute. Other spirits had been vocal (cf 1:24; 5:7).

9:18 His condition resembled an epileptic seizure, causing recurring convulsions and loss of consciousness, but was caused by demon possession. Cf Mt 17:15. Your disciples. See note, Mt 17:16: “Perhaps took place when Jesus was on the mountain (Mt 17:1). Their failure to heal the boy while Jesus was transfigured would emphasize the contrast between heavenly glory and the grip the devil still has on earthly affairs.”

9:19 them. The father, disciples, and the gathering crowd. faithless generation. The father and crowd had likely despaired while Jesus was absent on the mount. Note the amazement in v 15 (cf 6:6; Lk 24:32, 41). how long … How long. See note, Mt 17:17: “faithless and twisted generation. Jesus lumped His disciples with all those whom He had previously denounced with similar words (12:39, 45; 16:4). how long. He would not be with them much longer. The disciples’ lack of faith prompted Jesus to ask these rhetorical questions, which expressed His disappointment.”

9:21 Jesus showed interest in the boy, who was more to Jesus than a subject for a demonstration of His power.

9:22 compassion. See note, Lk 7:13: «Gk splagchnizomai. Lit, “his gut moved.” Jesus experienced the same gut reaction as we sometimes do in sad situations.»

9:23 The power and love of God are constant (Ps 62:11–12). Faith receives the gifts God had prepared (cf 11:22–24; Jas 1:5–8).

9:24 The father cried out with faith but struggled with his son’s burden and the failure of the disciples (cf Rm 7). “Worthiness does not depend on the greatness or smallness, the weakness or strength of faith. Instead, it depends on Christ’s merit, which the distressed father of little faith [Mark 9:24] enjoyed as well as Abraham, Paul, and others who have a joyful and strong faith” (FC SD VII 71).

9:25–26 The mute spirit cried out and left the healed boy, who appeared to be dead.

9:25 See note, Mt 17:18: «The disciples cast out demons (cf Mt 6:13), but they could not overcome this one (cf Mt 17:19). Jesus, who had just heard the voice of His Father, readily conquered this mute demon. “[The devil] often breaks men’s necks or drives them to insanity, drowns some, and moves many to commit suicide and to many other terrible disasters [e.g., Mark 9:17–22]. So there is nothing for us to do upon earth but to pray against this archenemy without stopping. For unless God preserved us, we would not be safe from this enemy even for an hour” (LC III 115–16).»

9:28 the house. Jesus often gathered the disciples by themselves after a significant event (1:29; 4:10; 4:34; 9:33). Why could we not. See note, Mt 17:19: “They had previously been successful in casting out demons (Mt 10:8).”

9:29 There are different types of demons with different powers. The disciples’ earlier success in exorcism (6:13) had either not prepared them for this case or made them overconfident in their own work.

Welcome to Sunday -- This Discussion thread, much like the main thread in Tuesday, is for broader discussion than the main focus of the subreddit -- Although we would like it if we could get a focus on the religious, philosophical, and ethical discussions that the focus of the subreddit is on. That way we get to keep religion and politics separate!

The same rules apply as on Tuesday.

Have a blessed week ahead.

Gospel According to Mark, 7:31–37 (ESV):

Jesus Heals a Deaf Man

Then he returned from the region of Tyre and went through Sidon to the Sea of Galilee, in the region of the Decapolis. And they brought to him a man who was deaf and had a speech impediment, and they begged him to lay his hand on him. And taking him aside from the crowd privately, he put his fingers into his ears, and after spitting touched his tongue. And looking up to heaven, he sighed and said to him, “Ephphatha,” that is, “Be opened.” And his ears were opened, his tongue was released, and he spoke plainly. And Jesus charged them to tell no one. But the more he charged them, the more zealously they proclaimed it. And they were astonished beyond measure, saying, “He has done all things well. He even makes the deaf hear and the mute speak.”

Engelbrecht, E. A. (2009). The Lutheran Study Bible. Concordia Publishing House:

7:31–37 Jesus heals another person in a Gentile region, further emphasizing His love for every race and kind of people. This serves as yet one more example of why we need to avoid the temptation to narrow the scope of the mission and to ignore opportunities to reach out to those who are different than ourselves. Jesus’ healing of this man, immediately after He restored the daughter of the Syrophoenician woman, underscores that He desires to love, cleanse, and heal all people. • Lord, You have done everything well. Help us also to see the depths of Your mercy and grace, that we understand them as gifts meant for all. Amen.

Engelbrecht, E. A. (2009). The Lutheran Study Bible. Concordia Publishing House:

(Abbreviations Reference Guide: https://www.reddit.com/r/Sunday/comments/1dg8y2u/)

7:31 Decapolis. Lit, “10 cities”; this region lay southeast of the Sea of Galilee.

7:32 deaf and had a speech impediment. Because those unable to hear have difficulty learning to speak correctly, it is probable that this man had been handicapped from birth.

7:33 privately. As will become clearer in v 36, this is another example of Jesus commanding silence in order to avoid misunderstanding about His identity. touched. Here, touch made communication easier. Jesus tended to use touch in His healings (cf 1:31, 41; 5:28–29, 41; 6:56; 8:25).

7:34–35 sighed. Physical sign of emotion. Ephphatha. Aram word was later used in the Church’s baptismal liturgies in order to emphasize the Spirit’s power to open ears to the Gospel. spoke plainly. Once the man’s ears were healed, he was also able to speak clearly. He immediately put this gift to work in praise.

7:36 tell no one. Throughout the Gospel of Mark, Jesus discourages people and unclean spirits from speaking about Him and His kingdom (e.g., 1:23–25; 1:44; 3:11–12; 7:36–37; 8:26, 30; 9:9–10). Critical scholars read this feature as a device early Christians added to the story of Jesus’ life. They argue that Jesus never really called Himself the Son of God or Christ but that these beliefs about Him were added later to let people in on the secret. Such an interpretation conflicts with Mark’s overall goal and account (see “Jesus as the Son of God,” above). It is more likely that Jesus exercises His authority to guide the spread of His popularity, which had brought Him into conflict with political and religious authorities. E.g., outside the jurisdiction of Jesus’ main opponents, He actually encourages a man to proclaim His miracles (5:19–20).

7:37 done all things well. Summarizes all of Jesus’ works. The Pharisees will demand more signs (8:11–12). The crowds were awed and remained positive toward Jesus but, like the disciples, did not truly understand who Jesus is.

Welcome to Sunday -- This Discussion thread, much like the main thread in Tuesday, is for broader discussion than the main focus of the subreddit -- Although we would like it if we could get a focus on the religious, philosophical, and ethical discussions that the focus of the subreddit is on. That way we get to keep religion and politics separate!

The same rules apply as on Tuesday.

Have a blessed week ahead.

Gospel According to Mark, 7:14–23 (ESV):

What Defiles a Person

And he called the people to him again and said to them, “Hear me, all of you, and understand: There is nothing outside a person that by going into him can defile him, but the things that come out of a person are what defile him.” And when he had entered the house and left the people, his disciples asked him about the parable. And he said to them, “Then are you also without understanding? Do you not see that whatever goes into a person from outside cannot defile him, since it enters not his heart but his stomach, and is expelled?” (Thus he declared all foods clean.) And he said, “What comes out of a person is what defiles him. For from within, out of the heart of man, come evil thoughts, sexual immorality, theft, murder, adultery, coveting, wickedness, deceit, sensuality, envy, slander, pride, foolishness. All these evil things come from within, and they defile a person.”

Engelbrecht, E. A. (2009). The Lutheran Study Bible. Concordia Publishing House:

7:14–23 Jesus teaches that people are not defiled by food or other things entering the body from the outside, but rather by their own evil inclinations and sinful behaviors. This teaching exposes the uselessness of our own excuse-making and dismisses our claims that other people and things are to blame for our shortcomings and failures. However, Jesus does not merely condemn; He also sets free. Through His promises we are liberated from sin and reconciled to God. • Lord, renew us each day with clean hearts. By Your Spirit, give us joyous words, generous spirits, and behaviors that reflect Your glory. Amen.

Engelbrecht, E. A. (2009). The Lutheran Study Bible. Concordia Publishing House:

(Abbreviations Reference Guide: https://www.reddit.com/r/Sunday/comments/1dg8y2u/)

7:14–23 Jesus does not simply refute and criticize the Pharisees. He also teaches the people the correct understanding of God’s will and human nature.

7:15 Jesus turns the pharisaical conception of impurity upside down (see note, v 20).

7:17 left the people. Jesus provided additional, private teaching for the disciples, away from the crowds (cf 4:10, 34).

7:18 without understanding? See note, 6:52: «did not understand about the loaves. Despite the unmistakable ways Jesus had just displayed His divine nature and power, the disciples somehow remain in the dark. hearts were hardened. It is somewhat surprising that Jesus describes the disciples and His opponents in the same way (cf 10:5; 16:14). The disciples’ lack of comprehension will only worsen in the coming chapters (e.g. 9:32; 10:32). Jesus’ predictions of His death will prove most difficult for them to grasp.»

7:19 enters not his heart. Cf v 15. Ritually impure food does not touch the heart and so cannot contaminate it. all foods clean. Jesus’ teaching will affect the future Christian mission. Simply put, Gentiles will not need to observe Jewish dietary laws. The question of food laws caused much controversy in the first-century Church. Cf Ac 15:1–35; Rm 14:1–3; 1Co 8:7–13.

7:20 Jesus clarifies that what does indeed defile is not what enters from the outside, but rather what lurks in the hearts of fallen people.

7:21–22 Beginning with sexual immorality, 12 kinds of evil thoughts and actions are combined in a dreadful list of vices. The first six are in the plural form and describe behaviors; the last six are in the singular and have more to do with attitudes. These 12 vices leave no doubt as to the wretched impurity of the human spirit. heart. See note, Mt 15:19: «Spiritual inner being of a person (6:21). The mouth speaks what is in the heart (12:34). The heart is the moving force that leads a person to commit the other sins that Jesus mentioned. “Original sin is born in us because of the sinful seed and is a source of all other actual sins, such as wicked thoughts, words, and works” (FC Ep I 21).»

Welcome to Sunday -- This Discussion thread, much like the main thread in Tuesday, is for broader discussion than the main focus of the subreddit -- Although we would like it if we could get a focus on the religious, philosophical, and ethical discussions that the focus of the subreddit is on. That way we get to keep religion and politics separate!

The same rules apply as on Tuesday.