/r/Semitic

Photograph via snooOG

An academic subreddit dedicated to the discussion of Semitic languages — with a particular focus on the languages of the ancient Near East: Akkadian, Ugaritic, Hebrew (Classical and Epigraphic), Aramaic, Arabic, Syriac, Ge'ez, etc. Please keep posts focused on the languages of the Semitic family. Posts that do not meet this standard will be removed.

An academic subreddit dedicated to the discussion of Semitic languages (and the wider Afro-Asiatic family) - with a particular focus on the languages of the ancient Near East: Akkadian, Ugaritic, Biblical Hebrew, Aramaic, Arabic, etc.


Other subreddits of interest:

/r/AcademicBiblical

/r/Assyriology

/r/ANE_Academic

/r/linguistics

/r/Semitic

626 Subscribers

3

Petrie-Gardiner origin of the Semitic alphabet hypothesis

0 Comments
2024/10/08
16:19 UTC

1

the relation of two words

My question is about a name. Amraam. Is this Hebrew name in any way linkeable to the Arabic translation Imran?

1 Comment
2024/10/05
20:17 UTC

4

Hiring researcher for Afroasiatic studies (Semitic topics included)

I want to start a channel on Afroasiatic studies, but there doesn't seem to be any place for that specifically, so I wanted to try the this subreddit, as topics relevant to this subreddit will be featured on the channel. I'm looking for someone who has a passion for these subjects who wants to make some money on the side compiling research for me. I am a small YouTuber, so I can afford $100 for 2500 words. If I like your work and my channel grows that price can go higher. I just want to find a buddy who is interested in helping me share this information to new audiences. My Indo-European channel is linked on my profile, and my video descriptions have links to research documents for examples of the kind of research I am looking for. Let me know if you are interested, and I would be interested to know your passion/background on the subject.

0 Comments
2024/10/01
01:37 UTC

1

Ancient Phoenician and Aramaic

Hi can anyone translate these two languages

1 Comment
2024/09/25
07:25 UTC

4

Can anyone provide me the original, untranslated text for this excerpt?

There is a section of the Baal Cycle I have seen translated various ways in English, but I somehow can't find the Ugaritic text for it anywhere (for free)

"that you not come near to divine Death, lest he make you like a lamb in his mouth, (and) you both be carried away like a kid in the breach of his windpipe."

Does anyone have a way for me to view it in Ugaritic? Whether it's copy-pasted text or a link to an image or anything else.

1 Comment
2024/09/14
03:01 UTC

4

Etymology of "Adam"

What's the meaning of it? Did ancient Semitic languages had a similar cognate? If yes, what was the meaning?

2 Comments
2024/09/11
09:16 UTC

6

Hiring narrator for Afroasiatic channel

I am currently trying to start a YouTube channel on Afroasiatic studies. I have tried doing my own narration and it is pretty exhausting, so I was wondering if anyone was interested in taking that role. I have a low budget, so I am willing to start at $50 for 2500 words, but I am open to increasing that if I like your work and my channel continues to grow. Let me know if you are interested.

7 Comments
2024/09/11
02:21 UTC

5

Hiring researcher for Semitic studies (Afroasiatic channel)

I want to start a channel on Afroasiatic studies, but there doesn't seem to be any place for that specifically, so I wanted to try the Semitic subreddit, as the channel will heavily focus on Semitic topics. However, let me know if you would be interested in doing research on the whole family as well.

I'm looking for someone who has a passion for Semitic (or Afroasiatic) studies who wants to make some money on the side compiling research for me. I am a small YouTuber, so I can afford $100 for 2500 words. If I like your work and my channel grows that price can go higher. I just want to find a buddy who is interested in helping me share this information to new audiences. Let me know if you are interested, and I would be interested to know your passion/background on the subject.

0 Comments
2024/08/30
23:33 UTC

7

Is there a list of inscriptions using the Ugaritic alphabet?

According to Wikipedia, ~1500 texts have been found, surely someone has a list of more-or-less all of the discovered ones, right?

4 Comments
2024/07/26
00:52 UTC

2

Learning to read the Leningrad Codex

0 Comments
2024/06/27
16:51 UTC

3

The Vav Hahipuch: Did the ancient Hebrews use it in conversation or not? What was the purpose? Maybe different translation?

The Vav Hahipuch changes the word from. Future (עָתִיד) to Past (עָבַר) or from Past (עָבַר) to future (עָתִיד The question: Did the ancient Hebrews use it in conversation or not? What was the purpose? Any evidence in any other Semitic most likely dead languages Phoenician Akkadian Chaldean ?

1 Comment
2024/06/26
00:38 UTC

5

Anyone knows how to count exactly in Carthagenian ? Thanks in advance

2 Comments
2024/06/23
17:47 UTC

11

Old South Arabian on a restaurant; does this say anything?? 𐩱𐩫𐩩𐩨 𐩱𐩢𐩪𐩦𐩰𐩮

There is a popular Yemeni restaurant that has 𐩱𐩫𐩩𐩨 𐩱𐩢𐩪𐩦𐩰𐩮 written above their sign in English. Now, I don't know how any of the Epigraphic South Arabian languages but I do know Arabic, some Modern South Arabia and a good bit of Tigrinya and this does not, phonotactically, look like any Semitic language (or any language in general) that I am familiar with. Is it nonsense or am I just parsing it wrong??

0 Comments
2024/05/28
23:04 UTC

1

Sabaeans in Judah, Jews in Saba

Hi all. can anyone share this article? Thank you : "Sabäer in Juda, Juden in Saba. Sprach- und Kulturkontakt zwischen Südarabien und Palästina in der Antike", in: U. Hübner/H. Niehr (edd.), Sprachen in Palästina im 2. und 1. Jahrtausend v. Chr., Wiesbaden 2017 (Abhandlungen des Deutschen Palästina-Vereins 43), pp. 91-120 Peter Stein

0 Comments
2024/05/27
07:43 UTC

2

"Hymn of Qāniya"

Hey, everybody. Are there any works in English about the or an English translation of this work by Abdul Salam M Almakhlafi: https://www.academia.edu/45459804

thank you

0 Comments
2024/05/24
16:50 UTC

7

Why is Tigrinya usually not considered to be a descendant of Ge'ez?

As far as I know, there is no historical record of Semitic/non-Agaw speakers migrating into Tigrinya-speaking regions, which correspond to the core of Aksumite/Ge'ez-speaking territory. Although I don't think it's impossible, it seems unlikely to me that Tigrinya was derived from a sister language.

According to Hetzron, the Tigre/Tigrinya third person feminine suffix has a more conservative form. Instead of Tigre -ሀን/Tiginya -አን, Ge'ez has -ሆን. But isn't dialectal variation a possible cause of this difference? Considering how distinct Tigrinya dialects can be from those spoken in Aksum, it makes sense.

Hetzron also mentions the feminine third person pronouns/demonstratives in Tigrinya as evidence. Tigrinya has እታ፟ for Ge'ez (ይ)እቲ; given how Tigrinya derives other demonstrative pronouns(እቲ፟+ኡ > እቱ፟, እቲ፟+ኣ > እታ፟, እቲ፟+ኦም > እቶ፟ም), wouldn't this be a logical development?

The preposition for "for," which is ምን in Tigre and እም/እምነ፟ in Ge'ez, is another issue. It appears that Tigrinya has retained እም- as an irrealis marker(ም-መጻእኩ for Ge'ez እም-መጻእኩ), even if it replaced the preposition with ካብ.

0 Comments
2024/05/01
15:29 UTC

2

Can anyone here read this graffito I found from the city of Arados c.300BC? It seems like an Ancient Semitic language to me, perhaps Aramaic. I am not proficient in this language family though, and I would appreciate any help! Thanks.

0 Comments
2024/04/25
18:48 UTC

1

"Happy birthday" in Phoenician?

Looking for the Phoenician/Punic phrase for "Happy Birthday."

1 Comment
2024/04/12
23:26 UTC

6

Egziabher???

I'm sorry, this might be very far-fetched, but I'm sure around around the 00:16- 00:17 mark, he says the word 'Egziabher', but pronounces it as Ezgibahu.

In the same line where he says the Arabic word 'Dikra'.

If this is the case that they said that, the word Egziabher is a term used in Eritrea and Ethiopia to refer to God(it means Lord of Nations).

But I could be wrong. This video is a sample of the Soqotran language, one of the minor languages spoken in Yemen.

If you speak this language, what exactly are they saying. Thank you.

1 Comment
2024/03/21
07:40 UTC

1

What acclaimed Arabic-speaking bands, songs, and music artists are good for non-natives who reached A level proficiency? Particularly those that would help with learning the Arab language?

Been studying enough Arabic that I passed a few classes and online tests rank me at A1. I certainly now can at least understand the gist of some videos of interviews with people from Kuwait and other Arabic speaking parts of the Middle East (though on simplistic topics like asking how your day is). I even been able to get words and a few lines of clips from old Egyptian movies and some Arab scripted files accurately translated in my head to literal English and later checking if what I think is the translation comes pretty close. That said I still have to put mental strain when I convert it in my head (even if I analyze for a few minutes after the person says things in Arabic). Trying to think of whats just been said in English on the spot within milliseconds if not precisely at the same time as I hear Arabic is quite difficult so far (even simplistic sentence like "My brown dog ate chicken for dinner"). So I ask for your help. What are good singers and bands from the Arab world that would be easy for someone who's A Level to easily understand while they're listening to the music in real time? Particularly selections that are great to maintain skill and even possibly improve? I'd prefer actual artists and not simply traditional children's poetry and rhyme and other stuff taught at school since I intend to actually start listening to the music as my Arabic improve. Any genre will work so long as the music is either popular or critically acclaimed in Arabic and by the various peoples in the Middle East of the multiple Arabic countries. So who'd you recommend?

1 Comment
2024/02/08
06:40 UTC

3

Would learning Arabic help with Hebrew and Vice Versa? How about other major Middle Eastern languages like Turkish and Farsi? Also why is Arabic so different despite coming from the same family, even being ranked at hardest level for English speaker to learn?

They're considered in the same family so I'd assume knowing Arabic first would help with learning Hebrew later and same vice versa? How about the languages of nearby country that aren't semitic like Turkish and Farsi? Out of curiosity I also ask why does Hebrew feel so different from Arabic as a non-speaker despite being in the same family? After all not only is the writing script so different from Hebrew but the feel of the phonetics and other element of speech feels so different.

Now the last question I ask is why is Arabic considered easily the hardest language for English speakers to learn alongside East Asian languages? Its ranked as Category 4, the hardest difficulty, which only the aforementioned East Asian languages like Japanese are also ranked in according to practically all lists I came across on the internet. What makes it so complicated to study for native English speakers? Sure the writing is so wildly different but Farsi is ranked Category 3 despite using a similar kind of script and same with Urdu. As well as Hebrew (although the script as I said earlier is extremely different from Arabic). So I'm curious why the case that Arabic is Category 4?

7 Comments
2024/01/26
03:19 UTC

1

translation

Hi everyone I don't know much about this but I tried to translate this thing someone said on instagram notes and I couldn't. I know this is Ugaritic and I tried aligning the message with the alphabet but I thought maybe you guys could help. Thank you

https://preview.redd.it/t7aph2makxdc1.jpg?width=1124&format=pjpg&auto=webp&s=17f4611026ce0da36cfa3715a13e69b592a1745d

0 Comments
2024/01/22
05:50 UTC

0

Ancient Egyptians language Hieroglyphs alphabet is rooted in Arabic

According to "encyclopedia of Hieroglyphs" by egyptolist Ahmed Kamal أحمد كمال باشا Ancient Egyptians language and it's Hieroglyphs alphabet is rooted in Semitic/Arabic as follows: D/hand/yad/ يد 𓂧. J/jar/Jarrah/جرة 𓎼. O/chick/sous/صوص 𓅱. Z/belt/Zunnar/زنار 𓊃. H/rope/habl/حبل𓎛. T/collar/tawq/طوق 𓍿. Y/feather/Reesh/ريش 𓇋. K/cup/koub/ كوب/كأس 𓎡. L/lioness/Labwa/لبوة. 𓃭. M/owl/bouMah/ بومة 𓅓. N/river/Nahr/ نهر 𓈖. S/cane/Asa/عصا 𓋴. 3/forearm/sa'3ed/ساعد 𓂝. F/viper/aF'aa/افعى 𓆑. Q/zenith/Qummah/قمة 𓈎. R/eye/ra'a/رأى 𓂋. T/hill/tul/تل 𓏏. Kh/Sieve/nukhl/، منخل نخل 𓐍.

Even their gods are Arabic words: God Horus/Hur/Saker falcon/Hur/حر/الطير الحر/ 𓅃 God Khnum/sheep/ganam/غنم 𓁠 God Ra' /Ra'/راعي/Shepard 𓇳 Double letter Ms/given/Mousa/موصى 𓄟 Egypt MISR 𓋞 𓅉.

2 Comments
2024/01/14
16:31 UTC

0

The Arabic alphabet is a poem about a man named Abjad and his wife, Qrst! Assyrian and Phoenician alphabets match the Arabic alphabet

The Abjad tablet is a clay tablet inscribed with cuneiform writing that was discovered in the ancient city of Ashur, the first capital of the Assyrian empire1. The tablet contains a list of the 22 letters of the abjad, a type of writing system that uses only consonants and no vowels2. The abjad was used by various languages in the Near East, such as Phoenician, Aramaic, and Hebrew3. The tablet is one of the oldest examples of an abjad alphabet and shows the influence of Mesopotamian writing on other cultures. The tablet is now kept at the British Museum.

The letters in the Abjad tablet are arranged in the following order: ʾalif, bāʾ, gīml, dāl, hāʾ, wāw, zayin, ḥēt, ṭēt, yōd, kāf, lāmed, mēm, nūn, sāmek, ʿayin, pē, ṣādē, qōf, rēš, šin, tāw4. This order is similar to the Phoenician alphabet, which is also derived from the abjad. Also exact match to Arabic Abjad procession however it makes a poem in Arabic evidence that Arabic predated assyrian who started Ashur 2500 BCE, or that assyrians and phoenicians spoke perfect Arabic! Arabic Abjad as poem : abjd Hwz hty klmn Sa'fas qrst. أبجد هوز..حطي كلمن. صعفض قرست. Notice how English and Greek alphabet are copy pasted from the Arabic procession especially Abjd, Klmn, qrst ( abcd-efghij-klmn-op-qrst-uvwxyz)!!!! But lost the meaning of the Arabic poem/alphabet

0 Comments
2024/01/13
23:23 UTC

0

The semitic origin of ancient Egyptians language

𓂧 𓆑 𓈖 𓅱 𓂋 𓂝 𓄟 𓋴 𓏏 𓇓 𓈗 𓄸 𓏠 𓈞 𓍿 𓐍 aa1 𓅓 g17 According to Ahmad Pasha Kamal the Egyptian assistant of Maspero and first director of the Egyptian directorate of Antiquities in Egypt clearly claimed in his many books especially his Encyclopedia of Hieroglyphs of 18 volumes in hand written Arabic that ancient Egyptian language was Arabic. He even claimed that Orientalists purposely read cartouches names of Pharaohs backwards to cover its Arabic soundings. He as follows, showed the words of symbols in Egyptian own language were Arabic words meaning they actually spoke Arabic:

D/hand/yad/ يد 𓂧.

J/jar/Jarrah/جرة 𓎼.

O/chick/sous/صوص 𓅱.

Z/belt/Zunnar/زنار 𓊃.

H/rope/habl/حبل𓎛.

T/collar/tawq/طوق 𓍿.

Y/feather/Reesh/ريش 𓇋.

K/cup/koub/ كوب/كأس 𓎡.

L/lioness/Labwa/لبوة.

M/owl/bouMah/ بومة 𓅓.

N/river/Nahr/ نهر 𓈖.

S/cane/Asa/عصا 𓋴.

3/forearm/sa'3ed/ساعد 𓂝.

F/viper/aF'aa/افعى 𓆑.

Q/zenith/Qummah/قمة 𓈎.

R/eye/ra'a/رأى 𓂋.

T/hill/tul/تل 𓏏.

Kh/Sieve/nukhl/، منخل نخل 𓐍.

God Horus/Hur/Saker falcon/Hur/حر/الطير الحر/ 𓅃 God Khnum/sheep/ganam/غنم 𓁠 God Ra' /Ra'/راعي/Shepard Double letter Ms/given/Mousa/موصى 𓄟

4 Comments
2024/01/13
21:15 UTC

1

Merneptah stela

Merneptah inscriptions mention his victory over the Sea people in the battle of Sais on the western Nile delta. The same Israel steals mentions his victory over Palestine and Canaan: "Palestine is made widow to Egypt," Canaan is defeated. Even Merneptah makes no relation between the so-called conventionally made word philistines of sea people and the country of Palestine (Falast). In Moses' bible "Song of the Sea" Exodus 15:14, God also mentions the peoples of Palestine/Falast and the people of Canaan trembling with fear. Just a Few years later, Joshua mentions that the kings of Palestine from Egypt's border to Canaan ( غور الاردن dead Sea depression، ) are Gaza, then Ashdod, then Ashkelon, then Ekron عقرون, then Gathجات, then Avvim عويم; however, he mentions Avvim, just a few miles west of Jericho. (east of Ram Allah/Beireh/ Britain)(khirbet tel Ai خربة تل علي near Dayr Dibwan دير دبوان. This makes Gath/Jat جات and Ekron near Ain Jalut / عين جالوت/ spring of Goliath north of Bisaan/ Beit She'an ( where Jacob dwelt) and Jarar/ /(Ayn Jarar in Umm al-Fahm) where Abraham dwelt, all part of Palestine so philistim was not just near Gaza as Orientalists make their lie. Palestine/ Falast/Falastim/Falastin was the same as current Palestine between the River and the Sea. At the same time, Canaan כנענ is just the lowlands below sea level around the Dead Sea, Jordan River, and Sea of Galilee جليل גליל, as its Arabic Semitic name implies ( كنع، =وطى lay low). Falastin/Falast is derived from the Arabic Semitic word FALAS فلس cognate with Falaha فلح to cut the land, i.e. (the tilled land) named after Falast, فلسط a son of Ya'arub whose tribe immigrated there at the dawn of Time Semitic/Arabic people.

1 Comment
2024/01/13
00:37 UTC

1

What kind of Arabic is the Qur’an?

50 Comments
2023/12/09
10:43 UTC

2

Are there any academics who study the evolution of Hebrew (from ancient times through to modern)?

So .. I've been interested in a very long time in the evolution of the Hebrew language ... specifically how its phonology (pronunciation) has evolved over time (specifically which pronunciation is likely to come closest to that extant during the times of the Bible; and also how has the language's pronunciation evolved since the foundation of the State of Israel).

I have a (small) YouTube channel and would really love to interview somebody who has actually studied this and could offer some insights and thoughts.

Does anyone happen to know of any academics who study this very niche topic?

TIA

23 Comments
2023/12/08
13:09 UTC

6

Sub back open

The last moderator put the Subreddit on "Restricted" and then got suspended. I was able to take control, so everyone should be able to post about Semitic languages to their heart's content again.

Welcome back!

1 Comment
2023/09/22
16:31 UTC

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