Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome is an emerging tick-borne zoonosis. It is an form of haemorrhagic fever that was first described in rural areas of China. The causative agent, SFTS virus (SFTSV), is a novel phlebovirus in the Bunyaviridae family. Since the first report in 2010, SFTS has been found in 11 provinces of China, with about 2500 reported cases, and an average case-fatality rate of 7·3%. It is alos found in Japan, Korea, US and other parts of the world.

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