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John Marshall, 3rd President of the United States

John Jay, 5th Vice President of the United States

Cabinet

President: John Marshall (1804-1809)

Vice President: None (1804-1805)

John Jay (1805-1809)

Secretary of State: Charles Cotesworth Pinckney (1804-1809)

Secretary of the Treasury: Fisher Ames (1804-1805)

Benjamin Stoddert (1805-1809)

Secretary of War: William Shepard (1804-1805)

Thomas Pinckney (1805-1809)

Attorney General: Harrison Gray Otis (1804-1809)

Secretary of the Navy: George Cabot (1804-1805)

Benjamin Lincoln (1805-1809)

Key Events of Presidential Term

• November 1804: 1804 Congressional Elections
  • Democratic-Republicans gain Senate Majority (20-14)
  • Democratic-Republicans retain House Majority (76-66)
• March 4, 1805: Marshall begins his first full term as President, with John Jay becoming the 5th Vice President of the United States.
• June 1805: Intensifies naval campaign against the Barbary States, successfully negotiating favorable treaties protecting American merchants.
• September 1805: The Burr Conspiracy is uncovered. Former Vice President Aaron Burr is accused of plotting to create an independent nation in the western territories.
• November 1805: The Marshall administration negotiates a new treaty with Spain, securing navigation rights on the Mississippi River for American merchants.
• February 1806: The Burr Trial begins, presided over by Supreme Court Justice Samuel Chase. President Marshall, despite his judicial background, maintains a public distance from the proceedings.

The Burr Conspiracy Trial

• February 1806: Strengthens the First Bank of the United States, implementing Hamilton's financial vision while adding his own emphasis on legal frameworks.
• May 1806: Aaron Burr is acquitted of treason charges, but his political career is effectively ended. The trial sparks debates about the definition of treason and the power of the executive branch.
• September 1806: Navigates growing tensions with Britain over naval impressment, pursuing diplomatic solutions while building naval strength.
• November 1806: 1806 Congressional Elections
  • Democratic-Republicans retain Senate Majority (21-13)
  • Democratic-Republicans retain House Majority (80-62)
• March 1807: Launches comprehensive federal infrastructure program, justifying it through his broad interpretation of the Constitution's Commerce Clause.
• June 1807: Responds to the Chesapeake-Leopard Affair with measured diplomatic pressure and naval buildup, avoiding war while maintaining American honor.

HMS Leopard attacks the USS Chesapeake

• November 1807: Chief Justice Oliver Ellsworth dies in office, causing a vacancy on the Supreme Court. Former Attorney General Edmund Randolph is appointed as the new Chief Justice.
• January 1808: Implements major expansion of federal courts, solidifying national judicial authority and Federalist legal principles.
• December 1808: Maintains careful neutrality between Britain and France while protecting American commercial interests through legal and diplomatic channels.

Domestic Policy

• Strengthened federal judiciary system through court expansion and establishment of clear judicial review principles
• Enhanced the First Bank of the United States, continuing Hamilton's financial system
• Implemented broad interpretation of the Constitution's Commerce Clause to justify federal infrastructure projects
• Promoted national unity through strong federal institutions
• Expanded federal court jurisdiction and authority
• Supported internal improvements including roads, canals, and harbors
• Maintained Federalist economic policies promoting manufacturing and commerce
• Reformed legal frameworks to protect property rights and contracts
• Strengthened federal oversight of interstate commerce
• Established precedents for federal authority in economic matters

Foreign Policy

• Maintained strong naval presence in Mediterranean against Barbary pirates
• Pursued diplomatic resolution to British impressment issues
• Negotiated favorable treaties with Barbary States
• Balanced neutrality between Britain and France during Napoleonic Wars
• Responded to Chesapeake-Leopard Affair with measured diplomatic approach
• Protected American maritime commerce through naval power and diplomacy
• Strengthened American naval capabilities while avoiding war
• Established diplomatic precedents for protecting American commerce
• Pursued peaceful resolution of international disputes through legal channels
• Maintained strategic balance in European affairs while protecting American interests

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Photo: Donald Trump during his October Interview with Phil Donahue

[Transcript from Interview between Phil Donahue and Donald J. Trump on the Phil Donahue Show, October 23rd 1979]

Donahue: Donald, with all these opinions of you, do you find it fair that many on the right and some even in the Liberal party call you a champaign socialist?

Trump: Phil. Look. The rich in this country always have an excuse to not take you seriously if you can yourself a socialist. If you’re rich or even aren’t starving, you’re a champagne socialist. If you’re broke and starving, you’re lazy and need to work harder. I write for a living. I am not as rich as I could have been but I am doing fine. I have an ear on both sides of the isle.

Donahue: Many people think you are only using socialism to get back at your fathe-

Trump: Look Phil. Despite being disowned, I am doing fine. I make good money writing my books. I am not taking money from anyone. I haven’t taken a dollar from any family since I was drafted for Cairo in sixty nine. They don’t tell you this, but the army despite what it’s used for is the most meritocratic institution in America. They don’t care where you came from. They just want results.

Donahue: But do you not think there is even a little bitterness?

Trump: I mean, it’s family. Things are always going to be a little personal when you become the black sheep. But the be blunt. I don’t respect Fred. Not because he cut me off. But I think he is a nasty man. Nasty. Nasty. Man. Do you know what policy he had about renting? Wanna know how he describe it to me back in nineteen sixty six? “No Dogs, Cats or Chinks”.

Donahue: He told you that?

Trump: He’s a racist. Believes all the yellow peril stuff. It’s why I think that the Federal Government needs to keep these rich guys on a tight leash. A lot more is said behind closed doors than in press statements, believe me Phil. Normal folks don’t hear what these guys think of them because they weren’t allowed behind these closed doors. As a kid and a younger man I was. I put my ear to the door and I listened long and hard.

Donahue: But back to the topic of conversation. Your book, “The New Tsars: The Real Threat to American Freedom” suggests that America is focusing too hard on Japan as a threat and not on growing economic threats to the country.

Trump: Yes. Phil. The Japanese are no threat to us. They are economically, at a dead end. Very weak. Very sad. They only sell stuff to China, Siberia, India and Brazil. They are in a nearly forty year forever war in China and their best artists, scientists, and engineers are fleeing to America and Europe. If they make it to the two thousands. I would be totally shocked.

Donahue: But you are saying Russia is a threat?

Trump: We barely enforce Article Five of the Treaty of Warsaw. Russia is rapidly rebuilding it’s defense capability. President Sakharov’s a smart guy. He got Kennedy to renegotiate Article five so that Russia could go from having one hundred thousand troops to two hundred thousand back seventy seven. Now they are building something massive on Sparrow Hills. I think it’s a nuclear facility. I think Kennedy’s gotta get on top of this.

Donahue: Donald. People are accusing you of trying to reignite Second Global War tensions. You are accusing the Russian National Federalist Party of wanting to create a new Russian Empire for god sakes.

Trump: Phil. Let me give ya a history Lesson. In nineteen fifty six a guy called Vladimir Kirillovich was made the first president of the Russian Federal Republic. This man was a relative of the late Queen Anastasia during the interwar. He’s a royal. A big time royal. He runs things for eight years then leaves. What does he do after the war. He helps found an organization called the Society of European Federalists.

Donahue: Donald what does this-

Trump: Will you let me explain? Anyways, the guy invests the Romanov’s family wealth into this society. Spreads it across Europe. Thirty years later as the US Economy collapses, we see a bunch of twenty to thirty somethings support a stronger and federal Europe, especially in Russia. What Russia wants is a US economically dependent on Russian companies. These days all the poor folk drive Ladas. You never see a poor guy drive a Ford. The Free Trade people want to make us reliant on Russia because they have financial interest in those companies. If the European Federalists get their way we have a Europe once again under Russian economic dominance.

Donahue: Donald. How do you respond to critics saying all you do is complain about how things are?

Donald: Wrong. The answer is simple. A Command Economy. Get rid of the CEOs. Their useless. Fire them. Have it managed by state employees. If the President needs the production of something to change or need a new policy introduced, these boys would nod their head and say “Yes, Sir Mr. President”. We would be able to respond to crisis a helluva lot faster if we didn’t have to deal with CEOs who were more focused on maximizing profit every quarter over the common good.

Donahue: So we take away the right of people to be able to be economically independent? Donald that soun-

Trump: We aren’t talking about Mom and Pop shops. Christ. You people, keep talking over me and you keep shoving words into my mouth. A bunch of fake news about what I said and didn’t say. The problem is that any system like ours ends with one guy hoarding all the power and hoarding all the money. It’s not a bug. It’s a feature. That’s just how business works. Either we will need to keep breaking up monopolies in order to keep the free market going or we nationalize the big dogs in order to protect the Mom and Pop shops from predation.

Donahue: So you say you align with someone like Rockefeller?

Trump: I think the issue is that Rockefeller funded this monopolies too much that now they can throw their weight around. We need more of stick after we let them get too big to fail. Look at Disney. Used to be a big deal. They crashed and burned. Congress had to step and help split them up between ABC and my older brother Fred.

Donahue: Some have speculated that you planned to do a run? Some have talked about a Bundy Trump ticket as a double outsider ticket. Thoughts?

Trump: Personally Phil, I don’t know how I feel about Bundyc I-

Donahue: Is there bad blood?

Trump: No…but I just don’t like how the man operates. Everything he does feels calculated.

Donahue: Isn’t that a good description?

Trump: You don’t get it. When I talked to Ted, it ;’feels like I’m talking to a robot trying to imitate a person. Very stiff person when he isn’t in control of a conversation.

Donahue: Would you be opposed to him ever being in the White House? Many assumed you and him were ideological kin.

Trump: If I were made President, (I) wouldn’t mind giving him a role as an Attorney General or Secretary of State. I think he would do well doing the behind the scenes work. A guy like Bundy does well when he is doing memorized speeches. He is terrible when he needs to be spontaneous. He can also be kinda nasty himself.

Donahue: Did he have a blowout with you?

Trump: Not at all. It’s mostly based on a co conversation I had with his wife a few years ago at a party. Vanessa. Lovely and wonderful woman mind you. Fantastic woman.

Donahue: I assume you don’t want viewers to read too much into that Donald?

Trump: Real cute Phil. But, she more or less said their marriage was on the rocks because he’s a workaholic. He works late into the night. He gets home somedays at like 1 in the morning. You want that type of guy as an Attorney General. I think that’s the role that suits him well.

Donahue: Is this an attempt to call out Bundy?

Trump: Not at all. They fixed the issues in the marriage last I heard. But I think Ted is more focused as a person on his own pride and ego over doing the right thing at tim-

Donahue: But back to the conversation. Do you confirm the rumors you want to run.

Trump: Phil. Don’t you dare interrupt me again. But….yes, I want to run. But I have ideological qualms with the liberals. I am divided between going with them or trying my own thing. I met a great woman. Angela Davis. Sharp as a knife. Amazing. I would like her to be my Vice President. But the Liberals wouldn’t let a so called firebrand like her be a heart attack away from the office. If I go with Liberals I would be heavily pressured to choose an inferior from my perspective Vice President. A bad deal when I could make my own party with her.

Donahue: But you also don’t to be stuck as the third wheel?

Trump: You are on the money.

Donahue: I gotta stop you there Donny, I know you are looking forward to speak your mind about the collapse of Persia and the crazy stuff happening in the Caucuses . We will be right back after the word from our sponsors.

John Jay (Federalist)

3rd President of the United States since March 4, 1801

Cabinet

Election of 1800

Presidential, Electoral (76 Needed to win)

• John Jay (Federalist) won 90/150 Electoral Votes
• Thomas Jefferson (Democratic-Republican) won 90/150 Electoral Votes
• Aaron Burr (Democratic-Republican) won 62/150 Electoral Votes
• Thomas Pinckney (Federalist) won 58/150 Electoral Votes

Presidential, Contingent (9 Needed to win)

• John Jay (Federalist) won 9/16 States on the 36th Ballot on February 4, 1801
• Thomas Jefferson (Democratic-Republican) won 7/16 States on the 36th Ballot on February 4, 1801

House of Representatives

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Speaker of the House Nathaniel Macon of North Carolina (Democratic-Republican)

Senate

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Pro Tempore William Bradford of Rhode Island (Federalist)

Moving to the District of Columbia

Although Thomas Pinckney would move into the White House in Washington, D.C. in November of 1800, John Jay became the first President to start his Presidency in the new Capital, as well as the first Congress to first meet there. The city is still in the process of being built, but has made noticeable progress on the back of slave labor. John Jay, despite being a slave owner, was a manumissionist. Upon his successful move into the White House in March, President Jay would free 3 of his 5 slaves, stating in a public letter “These slaves of mine have served me well, and they deserve, in my eyes, the retribution of freedom beyond my usual grasp.” This move, though angering many southern politicians of both parties, would still strongly influence the north and Federalist politics for years to come.

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The Ratification of the 1801 Treaty of Paris

• The United States shall annex the Spanish territories of East Florida and West Florida. Surveyors shall examine a more defined border with the territory of Louisiana for a later date.
• 8 Months shall be allowed for military personnel and Spanish settlers to leave the newly annexed territories.
• The United States ceases hostility toward all Spanish shipping.
• $65,000 Paid to Spain (over $1.6 Million today).
• Spain and the United States agree to not incite native tribes against the other.
• Spain ceases hostility toward all American shipping.
• $135,000 Paid to France (Over $3.3 Million today).
• France ceases hostility toward all American shipping.
• The United States ceases hostility toward all French shipping.
• The United States agrees to release all French or Spanish sailors, merchantmen, and others captured on French or Spanish ships between November 1798 and March 1801.
• Spain agrees to release all American sailors, merchantmen, and others captured on American ships and during the campaigns in Florida between January 1799 and March 1801.
• France agrees to release all American sailors, merchantmen, and others captured on American ships between January 1795 and March 1801.
• The United States and France shall send a permanent delegation to each other no later than January 1802.

The treaty, signed in January 1801 between official delegates to France, Elbridge Gerry and John Quincy Adams, French Foreign Minister Talleyrand, and Spanish Foreign Minister Pedro Cevallos. The treaty would be returned with Adams and Gerry in April, the Senate ratifying the treaty on April 30, 1801; despite massive protest from the Hamiltonian Federalists.

Shortly after the ratification of the treaty, John Jay would, with Senate permission per the Appointee Removal Act of 1789, replaced Charles Pinckney as Secretary of State with the 34 year-old John Quincy Adams, the son of the Chief Justice.

The Barbary War

Despite attempts by Congress to pay tribute to the Barbary States, Tripoli continued to attack American merchant ships to exact further tribute than agreed upon. Shortly thereafter, President Jay ordered the Navy to enter the Mediterranean Sea in order to protect merchant ships in the area. Jay, formerly in favor of downsizing the Navy after the Spanish-American War, now remained reluctant to follow through. Although Senator James Hillhouse proposed legislation to further expand the Navy, some moderate Federalists caused a tie in the Senate, causing Thomas Jefferson to cast a tie-breaking vote against it.

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A Shift in Policy

Despite losing his New York Senate Race, Alexander Hamilton was expected to have considerable authority in the Jay administration just as he did in the Washington and Pinckney Administrations. While the President had Hamilton meet at the White House on multiple occasions, Jay has so far left the General out of cabinet meetings; also refraining on seeking his advice for anything beyond military matters. While Hamilton likely still has sway over Secretary McHenry and Wolcott, this is a noticeable shift in how Jay might plan to handle the nation differently.

Immigration Act of 1801

An Immigration reform bill designed to lessen restrictions of immigration for people based on race, sex, age, and trade. Specifically, to make it easier for people of all walks of life to enter the country. Passed Barely in the Senate.

Shrinking the Navy and Army

Despite the ongoing war against the Barbary pirates in Ottoman Tripoli, President Jay called for the shrinking of the Navy down in order to save money and pay off the national debt. Further, his official disbanding of the many militia raised to fight in the Spanish-American War has welcomed praise from Republicans and moderates across the board; despite posturing on Louisiana by General Alexander Hamilton and Governor William Henry Harrison of the Northwest Territory.

Admission of Ohio

On April 30, 1802 Congress approved the admission of the State of Ohio, born of the Northwest Territory. The Incumbent Governor of the Northwest Territory, William Henry Harrison, became the incumbent until elections are held in November. The admission of the new state increased the size of the House of Representatives from 127 to 128, and the Senate from 32 to 34.

1802 Midterms

House

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Speaker of the House James Madison of Virginia (Democratic-Republican)

Senate

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Pro Tempore William Bradford of Rhode Island (Federalist)

The Louisiana Purchase

After growing concerns with a French invasion after the European Republic attempted to quell the rebellion in Saint-Domingue, John Jay would finally assign the permanent delegation to France (as required in the 1801 Treaty of Paris) in August 1802. Charles C. Pinckney would go with orders from Jay to seek a purchase of the Louisiana Territory, recently transferred to the French following the Spanish defeat in the Spanish-American War. In February 1803, word of Consul Napoleon's offer would reach President Jay and State Secretary Adams. While the offer was only to purchase Nouvelle-Orléans and the surrounding area, Napoleon offered the whole Louisiana Territory for $18 Million (Just over $500 Million today). On March 28, 1803, both French and American delegates agreed to the term and purchase. Congress would quickly ratify the treaty, much to the dismay of New England Federalists and Hamiltonians; Thomas Jefferson would also cast a more famous tie-breaking vote in favor of ratification. The Purchase would go through on November 1, 1803.

The purchase was widely popular, but criticized especially among Hamiltonian Federalists. The man himself, Alexander wrote in a public letter “[...] We give too much money for too little we have, all for land, of which we already have too much.” Jay's purchase of Louisiana would drive further divides between Hamiltonians and moderate Federalists.

Success of the Philadelphia

In a naval operation lasting from October 28-November 2, 1803, a task group led by the USS Philadelphia and Captain William Bainbridge successfully shelled the Tripoli harbor and damaged 3-5 ships. In December, further bombardments on Tripoli led to the surrender of the Algiers and Tunis, leading to Tripoli doing the same by January 1804.

USS Philadelphia, 1799

In addition to shrinking the navy in mid 1804, President Jay would also sign a law that approved tribute payments on all American merchant ships set to enter the Mediterranean to avoid further conflict.

14th Amendment Ratified

After both the Pinckney and Jay Presidencies resulted in a somewhat hostile Vice President, no matter their relationship with the Senate, Congress has decided to amend the Constitution so that the President and Vice President are elected on the same ticket. The Amendment would pass both houses of Congress in November 1803, and reach the ⅔ threshold of 12/17 States by August 1804. The new Amendment changed as follows:

• Electors for the Electoral College shall cast one vote for a joint ticket of President and Vice President, of which they cannot be of the same state of residence. The candidate with the majority vote in the Electoral College shall become the President, and their running mate Vice President. Should no majority be reached or have multiple candidates tie in the Electoral College, the House of Representatives shall hold a Contingent election with one delegate from each state voting for one of the top three candidates in the Electoral Vote. The candidate that receives the most of the State votes shall win the Presidency. In the event that the House must hold a Contingent election, the Senate shall hold their own election for Vice President out of the top three candidates’ running-mates.

This new Amendment will affect the upcoming 1804 Presidential Election.

Recognition of Haiti

TW: Racism/Racist Remarks (no slurs)

After the sale of Louisiana to the United States and the failed invasion of Saint-Domingue by France prior, John Jay worked with Hamiltonians and State Secretary Adams to officially recognize the Republic of Haiti; much to the outrage of southern politicians from both parties. “The President's misguided impulses regarding the recognition of the Slave Nation of Saint-Domingue will no doubt doom the culturally and economically rich states of the south to a similar fate: The African Beast overriding his Master, subjecting the white man to a death most cruel and undeserving.” Read an opinion piece from North Carolina.

As protests slowly, but assuredly, rose throughout the nation with particular focus on the south, John Jay had released a public letter stating, “[I] have long supported manumission, not abolition of the practice of slavery still practiced by many throughout the country. Though the nation known formerly as Saint-Domingue is a nation of self-abolished enslaved men, a reminder of the threat of outright revolt in our united states. These men, though they may be former slaves; these men, though they may be African in descent; these men have worked hard for their freedom to establish the second free republic in the new world; seperating from a European Power of which we remain on shaky grounds with. France has thrown off its republican cloak, former Consul Napoleon Bonaparte has since declared himself a tyrant, Emperor of the French. It is natural for republicans in the new world to unite against and fight tyranny. With the recognition of the Republic of Haiti, and the newly free men that make up a nation, I have pushed the world further against the forces of tyranny of which our own revolution was born.”

Native Policy

President Jay, with aid from State Secretary Adams and Vice President Thomas Jefferson had adopted an assimilation policy of the natives, encouraging peaceful relations with Indian tribes and agricultural development. Under pressure, however, Jay would opt to prioritize white settlement of the various new territories. He was particularly harsh on tribes in the Northwest Territory and Florida.

The Federalist Split

Alexander Hamilton nominated as a Challenger Federalist

While Hamiltonian Charles Cotesworth Pinckney had been nominated as the running mate, the top of the ticket is contested between sitting President John Jay and Major General Alexander Hamilton.

While it's no secret that Hamilton and the Hamiltonians don't get along best with the more moderate Jay, the challenge from New England Federalists is a shock to many.

View Poll

It's almost the start of the election season and both parties have different candidates trying to become their Party's Nominee. The Republican Party is probably the most united it has been in many years. Although it has many factions, they all are united on two things - Peace With Honor and Beating the Liberals.

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There are many Candidates running to become their Party's Nominee. There are some new faces and some old familiar ones. Speaking of...

Henry Cabot Lodge Jr., Senator from Massachusetts, Former Vice President, \"The Katana of the Kennedies\", Really Old, Fiscally Responsible, Socially Progressive, Peace With Honor

"Do not what you want to do, do what is needed"

Forgotten by his Party, Left in history, Almost losing an eye in the plane crash, Lodge came back to the National stage with the bang by defeating Ted Kennedy in the Senate Election in 1978. Former Vice President under Luis Marin, he went away from politics after Marin lost to Rockefeller in 1964 and then lost in 1968 Primaries. Now he is back, although much older, he is ready to make his Party once again the Party of the Common Sense. Lodge is the legend of the US politics and many noticed something about his legend. He defeated John Kennedy, Joseph Kennedy Jr. and Ted Kennedy in election. And maybe there's one more Kennedy to be defeated...

But is it a coincidence or something done by design? Maybe some revenge? Some speculators point to the election of 1908 where John Burke became President... by defeating Henry Cabot Lodge Sr., current Senator's grandfather. But what Kennedies have to do with it? Well, Burke's Vice President then was Patrick J. Kennedy, current President's grandfather. These speculators think that Lodge Jr. defeats all these Kennedies to avenge his grandfather's loss in 1908. The Senator didn't spoke on the issue, but his supporters already started calling him "The Katana of the Kennedies". Will another Kennedy fall to the sword?

Lodge's positions are that he is Fiscally Responsible, so supporting the Balancing of the Budget. He is also Socially Progressive. However, he didn't express his position on the Civil Rights Act of 1976. And of course he is for "Peace With Honor", although more of an Interventionist in Foreign Policy.

Joseph R. Biden, the Governor of Pennsylvania, Super Young, Moderate on Most Issues, War Hero, Peace With Honor, (He gets two additional Votes in the polls due to the Competition Result in Discord)

"America is a nation that can be defined in a single word - Freedom"

Joseph Biden is a young Governor who tries his luck on the National stage. This Moderate Youngblood is also a War Hero. He served in the Cairo War and lost a leg there, but this didn't stop Biden from running... for political offices. He was a popular Mayor of Philadelphia and a friend with another Mayor, Harrison Ford of Chicago. They are known as the Golden Boys in the US politics, but will it be golden for Biden in this race?

He is the real Moderate who supports Balancing the Budget, while making some necessary tax cuts. Socially he is also a Moderate, trying to find a Balanced approach to the Issues so that there's no failures in his decisions. On the Foreign Policy he supports "Peace With Honor" and is generally Moderately Interventionist.

Howard Baker, Senator from Tennessee, Moderately Conservative, Great Conciliator, Man of Integrity, Peace With Honor

"Peace abroad and Honor at home"

This Senator is well-liked by every Republican. Howard Baker is the Man of Integrity and someone who can work with the other Parties, if it benefits the country. In the time of polarization he may be one politician who people may disagree with, but still respect. He was almost chosen as Anderson's running mate, but now he tries to be the main man at the ticket. His Integrity could also be in contrast with President Kennedy's lack of Integrity (if you believe Republicans).

Baker is Moderately Conservative. Largely Economically pro-Free Market and Socially Conservative, he is fine with hearing others out, even if he disagrees with them. He is for Peace With Honor and tries to make it his campaign theme, especially emphasizing on the "Honor" part. However, at large he is Moderately Interventionist.

Edward Brooke, Senator from Massachusetts, Progressive who Moderated, African-American, Peace With Honor

"Pragmatism and Honor go hand in hand"

Senator Brooke tried to win the Nomination last time and he tries again. African-American politician is the other Republican Senator from Massachusetts and the one who many predicted to run again this year. Edward Brooke needs to maybe broaden his support, if he is to win this time around. He is of course supported by most black Republicans, so he has his own base, but would it be enough?

He is Moderately Progressive and Voted for the Civil Rights Act, which caused Conservatives to get mad at him. However, Brooke is Fiscally Conservative and so it could satisfy these people. Senator is in support of Peace With Honor, but he thinks that it shouldn't be just some campaign slogan and there should be a Pragmatic approach to the war. He is Pragmatic in Foreign Policy at large also, favouring the mix of diplomacy and the show of strength where it's needed.

George H. W. Bush, the Speaker of the House, Moderately Conservative, Son of the former Nominee, \"Dealmaker\", Peace With Honor

"If the work is not easy, then it's fair. My job is not easy"

George H. W. Bush was just another Representative from Texas when in 1974 he was chosen as a compromise candidate for the Speakership. Liked by both States' Rights and Libertarians, Bush had the support to get the position. Bush also is the son of former Nominee for President Prescott Bush, so this gave people attention to him. He actually did things with his job by making a deal with President Kennedy by allowing the Vote for the Civil Rights Act to go ahead so that Kennedy would sign the Immigration Reform Bill. Although not very liked by firm Conservatives, he is liked by others and was proven to be quite a dealmaker. Bush runs on being the person who gets the stuff done, but will it be enough?

Bush is Moderately Conservative and really Pro-Business. Because of this he has the large support of the Fiscally Conservative people and those who think that someone should bring stability to this country. He also supports Peace With Honor and is quite Interventionist, not forgetting about the Empire of Japan.

Barry Goldwater Jr., Senator from California, Libertarian, Really Young, You Know who is his Dad, Socially Progressive, Peace With Honor

"Libertarian? Republican? Free!"

His father is more known, but Jr. certantly made an impact by defeating James Dean in 1974 Senate race. Barry Goldwater Jr. is a lot like his dad, but a younger version. Yet, he stands as his own man who doesn't see Republicans as enemies, but as partners. That's why he runs for the Republican Nomination for President - to unite both Parties. Could he come closer than his father and actually be the Republican Nominee and maybe President? Maybe we are looking at the next leader of the Libertarians.

Goldwater is of course Economically Libertarian and wants to cut spending so that the Economy could breathe as he says. He is also Socially Progressive, justifying the Civil Rights Act to Conservative members of his Party. The Senator supports Peace With Honor, but unlike his father, in Foreign Policy he is more Moderate overall.

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Legislative Agenda

Debs has managed to see a number of progressive bills passed under him, including the eight hour work day, an income tax, and Philippine and Puerto Rican autonomy.

Most of these acts were very uncontroversial and were supported by progressives from all parties.

Debs also attempted to stymie certain legislation. Notoably, vetoing the leasing of mineral rights in federal land to private entities (which was altered to leasing them to cooperatives), and an attempted veto on severe immigration quotas which was overwritten with support from members of his own party.

Labour Affairs

Debs has extensively interfered with strikes and walkouts using the Department of Labour. This has resulted in the majority of strikes ending peacefully and many ending with terms clearly favouring the workers. Though this has riled up business interests to no end, it has also dampened the more revolutionary end of Debs’ coalition. Even the most middle class of Americans have noticed the decrease in violent stories in the newspaper.

This work has also caused the IWW to gain much organisational support and legitimacy in the National Eye. While not completely dispelling their image as foreign agitators and Anarchist bomb throwers.

Foreign Affairs

The most controversial aspect of Debs’ term was in the field of Foreign Affairs. Dedicated to anti-militarism, Debs’ has done everything he can to limit the assistance or special treatment given to either side in the Great War. This has lead to an attempted (and failed) increase on export tariffs of war materials, the refusal to sell government-built weapons to the Entente, the censure of private businesses exporting weapons and ammunition, and a resulting slew of legal cases against the Federal Government.

Generally these moves are popular with the American people who at the moment trend towards isolationism. On the otherhand there is a building movement in the North East and amongst Republicans in favour of military preparedness and conditional intervention.

AOB

In further news, Debs has resisted influence from Democrats to segregate the Federal government in exchange for compromises on his bills. His party is tentatively preparing to pursue Civil Rights for Blacks, starting with an anti-lynching bill.

Debs has expressed his intent to run for a second term and his Party is firmly behind him. They hope to finally win a majority in Congress and pass their bills unfettered.

Now it's up to the voters to express their approval or disapproval in Debs administration. This polling will surely be important ahead of the Progressive, Democratic, and Republican primaries.

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Cabinet

Vice President: Rufus King

Secretary of State: James Monroe

Secretary of the Treasury: William Jones

Secretary of War: Thomas Pinckney

Attorney General: Richard Rush

Secretary of the Navy: Benjamin Williams Crowninshield

Spanish-American War

With the War of 1812 well and truly won and President George Logan winning re-election, the Americans were able their sights on defeating Spain, conquering all Spanish-held land in North America and liberating the Western Hemisphere along with their ally, Haiti. On November 6th 1813, the Solemn Act of the Declaration of Independence of Northern America was signed, which established the separation of Mexico from Spanish rule and its unofficial consolidation into the United Republic. Bache's old dream of a United American Confederation was closer to reality. A strange bedfellow in this fight has been the recently vanquished British Empire, who have supplied weapons along with the United Republic to Indigenous forces as well as the Army of the Andes, the Armed Forces of Chile, Gran Colombia, Peru, and Orientals Forces. The Spanish had been buoyed by the fall of the First French Empire, the exile of Napoleon to Elba following the Treaty of Fontainebleau in 1814 and his subsequent suicide by poison the next day. He was 44 years old. With his death came the restoration of the Bourbon Dynasty led by the newly-crowned King of France, Louis XVIII. Although France is again ruled by a King, Louis's prerogative has been reduced substantially and a Bill of Rights of sorts was enshrined in the Charter of 1814, codifying some of the hard-won gains of the French Revolution. Feeling himself big after the downfall of his most hated rival, King Ferdinand VII repudiated the Spanish Constitution codified in his absence, ordered the arrest of his liberal opponents and restored the former legal codes and political institutions. The news took as many as 9 months to travel to Spanish America, and it has birthed a new wave of juntas. Organs friendly to the United Republic had spread rumors that King Ferdinand would attempt to abolish the remaining autonomous governments of Spanish America now that he had unchecked power once again. Many believed them. Some did not. One of the men who has taken up the sword against the Spanish Empire is Simon Bolivar. Along with Haiti, the United Republic has given much in the way of weapons and financial support to Bolivar on the explicit promise that he would abolish slavery in those territories he occupied.

Domestic Affairs

While International Affairs have been typically tumultuous for a Jacobin Administration, internal policies have been largely standard. Another round of tariffs was proposed and swiftly passed by the American National Assembly. This imposed a duty of fifty percent on cottons and woolens, a duty of sixty percent on iron, leather, hats, writing paper and cabinet ware, and a surtax of 20¢ per pound of sugar. Logan's allies supported it, his opponents voted just as dutifully against it. With the defeat of Napoleon, there has been an increasing desire to break previous bonds with France in the United Republic. No longer calling themselves Jacobins, Logan and his allies in the American National Assembly as well as ordinary citizens gathered in Philadelphia to create the American Union. Their principles are the same as the old Jacobins: centralized authority, political radicalism, expansionism, and dirigisme. It's just the name that has changed. One major change has been to extend the President's term in office as well as the tenure of the American National Assembly from 4 years to 5 years. Logan's argument is that a government needs more time to carry out its mandate, especially with the chaotic world tumbling down on the United Republic. The backlash has been swift. Democratic-Republicans and Girondins have written articles, held protests, and in a few instances even attacked suspected Jacobins. These widespread protests as well as Logan's declining health have forced his hand. He has pledged not to run for re-election after this latest term. Who will lead the newly-christened American Union is anyone's guess.

How would you rate President George Logan's second term in office?

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Note: Michelle Obama would be the first black, trans President of the USA

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It's almost the start of the election season and both parties have different candidates trying to become their Party's Nominee. The Liberal Party has the President who runs for the re-election, but his Nomination is in question. Today we will learn about the first 6 Candidates from the Liberal Party. So who are the candidates?

The Liberal Party

The Liberal Party is the least united since probably before William O. Douglas' Presidency. They have many candidates and more to come. Let's start with...

Robert F. Kennedy, President, Progressive, Hawk, Was Impeached, Catholic

"Smart captain in the stormy sea leads to success"

What to say about President Kennedy? He is probably the most polarizing President maybe in a century. From the push to the Civil Rights Act (Gay Rights Act) to him signing the Immigration Reform. From making bipartisan deals with Republicans to gettimg impeached. From winning the Nomination in 1976 without much opposition to now... having the hardest path for the Incumbent President in a long time.

He combines many things. Economically Progressive and Protectionist. Hawkish in Foreign Policy. Really Socially Progressive. He is also the second Catholic President (third, if you count Marin, but he expressed that he doesn't believe in God most recently). He also has the unique position amongst other candidates - He not only needs to not come last in first Rounds, if his support falls and he is lower than third, he may decide to not further divide the Party and just drop out.

Theodore Bundy, Attorney General of Washington, Progressive, Dovish, He and Kennedy Hate each other, Extremely Young

"Time to Make America Safe. Time to Turn the Page"

Bundy is extremely young Attorney General of the State of Washington who came out as somewhat of the Dovish hero. Not even 35 years old (He is eligible because the Amendment that lowered the Voting Age also lowered the age needed to become President to 33), he already looks to win the highest office in the country. Becoming Nationally known for the trial that proved that the President cheated on his wife with a staff member and the fight with Kennedy during it. There were also reports about an assassination attempt on him durimg the his interview taken by Bernie Sanders. Initially working for President Nelson Rockefeller, Bundy moved to his position today.

Ted Bundy is a Progressive through and through who also aligned with the Dovish wing of the Party. Although some see him as an opportunist, he is largely liked by that wing of the Party. He is also running for Governor of Washington, so if this doesn't work out, he has a plan B. However, would it be needed?

Jerry Brown, the Governor of California, Super Young, Socially Progressive, Economically Moderate, Moderately Interventionist

"New Face for the New Era"

Brown became the Governor after he beat Ronald Reagan in the recall election, which put an end to former Actor's political career. Now he runs for President trying to unite the Party. Brown is like Bundy young and energetic and he hopes to use it to gain the Nomination with the combination of some political maneuvers.

Jerry Brown is fairy Socially Progressive, supporting Gay Rights and the Rights of the Immigrants. He is Economically Moderate, thinking that there is no need to go from one extreme to another. For example, he supports balancing the budget to smoothly bring the end to the Recession. The Governor is also not a Dove. He is Moderately Interventionist and sees the War in the United Arab Republic ending gradually. Will he be the new Face of the Liberal Party?

Mike Gravel, Secretary of Transportation, Libertarian, Maverick, Dove

"Liberty and Peace Above All"

Mike Gravel is the only Candidate who is a member of President's administration. He reportedly had many arguments with the President during the his fist term and now Gravel pretty much abandons Kennedy's vision and runs as his own man. To think that Kennedy almost chose this Alaskan over Vice President Carter to be his Vice President is quite interesting. There was also never even a Presidential Nominee from Alaska, but maybe Gravel could change it.

Secretary of Transportation is a real Moverick of his Party. He is Economically Libertarian and made a lot of friends within the Libertarian Party. He is also Socially Progressive and the real Dove. He often critised the President for his policy in the United Arab Republic. Could this former Senator be a dark horse of this race?

George McGovern, Senator from South Dakota, Dovish and Progressive

"Come Home, America"

George McGovern was the Dove before it was cool. He was an opponent of the first Arabic War (or Cairo War) and was laughed at. Now when the Dovish sentiments gain steam, they aren't laughing anymore. McGovern is front and center of many anti-war protests, which made him the knight of Dovish cause. Now he needs to unite this Dovish coalition to take over the Party and stop the war.

His positions are well-known. He is a Progressive and Dovish of course. McGovern supports more Gay Rights, decriminalization of soft drugs and the Protectionist Economic Policy. He may sway some of the former Church supporters who feel dissatisfy with Kennedy's Foreign Policy. Still, he needs to unite all Doves under himself, if he wants a shot.

Walter Mondale, Senator from Minnesota, Economically Moderate, Socially Progressive, Moderately Interventionist

"America Needs a Change"

Mondale is a longterm Senator from Minnesota and someone who few expected to challenge the President. Known as a Moderate who stays away from his Party's infighting, he announced his run by pushing the massage about the need for Party Unity. He sees that with Hawks and Doves fighting, it left not many standing between them as someone who brings compromise. He needs to be this Moderate Voice, if he wants to win.

Walter Mondale is Economically Moderate and supported the balancing of the budget and minor tax cuts. He is also Socially Progressive, which is probably his main non-Moderate position, as he supports Gay Rights, which is actually a Norm in the Liberal Party. And like mentioned before, the Senator is Moderately Interventionist, supporting slow end to the war without rash decisions.

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[Transcript from a 1979 Ad, A Good Samaritan]

[A Lady is front of a broke down car she is asking for help from oncoming traffic]

Lady: Excuse me sir! My car broke down…I need help…wait! Aren’t you the guy who ran me

[The Orange Car speeds away]

[The Lady Waits until another car arrives, this one red]

Lady: Excuse me. My car broke down…can you help me?

Older Male Voice: Sure, just give me a few million dollars.

[The Lady walks back to her car, seemingly dejected and without hope]

[A Gray 1963 Beatle drives by the car]

Bundy: Pardon me Mam. I saw your car has broken down.

Lady: Yeah. It seems like no one can even give the time of day anymore.

Bundy: You know I think I got a spare tire.

[Montage of Bundy helping fix the lady’s tire]

[Narrator: Some Politicians are all talk. But then there are the good Samaritans. People who are willing to help at a moment’s notice]

Lady: Gee thanks….what was your name again?

Bundy: Bundy! Ted Bundy!

[Narrator: Paid for by the Ted Bundy for President PAC]

Since the end of the Second Global War the US never went through a major economic crisis. It changes now as the Recession hits the country. Companies going bankrupt, unemployment skyrocketing and prices going to the moon. Many saw the signs, but not enough was done to prevent it or it was unavoidable. People argue about what was the cause. Now Americans look as much for someone to fix the problem, as for who to blame.

https://preview.redd.it/onw1trlqgb0e1.png?width=3037&format=png&auto=webp&s=6bc4fa139aa2085f252813508b151d4515191e5a

The obvious person for the blame is President Robert F. Kennedy.

Photo of the President Kennedy taken during the most recent cabinet meeting

Many warned him that the Recession was coming and urged him to do something. However, that "something" was different for everyone. Republicans told him to balance the budget, Libertarians screamed about cutting taxes and even Liberals (Doves in particular) talked about ending the war in the United Arab Republic with further cut in the Defence spending. The US politics became divided, but now many people are pretty united in one thing - disliking President Kennedy.

The President now urges the relief program to stimulate the economy, but Libertarians and Republicans argue that the economy needs less government interference, not more. They also want an end to the tariffs on Ukraine and Russian Republic, as they feel they only limit the free market. And the polls show that even the people agree more with them and not the President. In these partisan times it's unknown if the common ground could be reached, but both Congress and President agreed to work to help Americans.

Photo of Vice President Carter praying a week after the start of the Recession

Politically this is really bad for the Liberals. Political analyst call them lucky because the Recession happened after the midterms, but when it comes to 1980 - it's Predicted that they will suffer very much. Even in the Presidential Election it looks like the Republicans will be the favourites to win, as even the Liberals are not certain if Kennedy will run again.

Many Liberals plan to challenge the President for the Nomination, if he decides to ultimately run. Especially the Doves look to oust him and end the war in the United Arab Republic. Even since 1976 primaries there were those who thought that Kennedy is too Hawkish, but now the Party is the most divided it has being in a long time.

Meanwhile, the Republicans are more united than they ever were since 1960. It seems like no matter who they Nominate, the Party would endorse. There of course the question of Libertarians, but they are eager to see the Liberals lose the Presidency more than anything so we will see.

What's for sure is that hard times come to America and who knows where it leads the country...

Background

President Hamilton's second term was marked by significant expansion of the national banking system and increased federal oversight of commerce, continuing his vision of a strong central government. Despite maintaining high popularity among Federalists and moderate Democratic-Republicans for his economic policies, Hamilton honored George Washington's two-term precedent and declined to seek a third term, announcing his decision in early 1804. However, his presidency was cut tragically short when he was fatally wounded in a duel with former Vice President Aaron Burr on July 12, 1804, in Weehawken, New Jersey, following years of political rivalry and personal animosity. Vice President John Marshall ascended to the presidency, becoming the nation's third president. The Democratic-Republicans nominate a Presidential ticket consisting of New York Governor George Clinton and former Virginia Governor James Monroe. George Clinton, representing the northern populist wing, championed states' rights and called for the dismantling of the National Bank while advocating for more democratic reforms and greater participation of common citizens in government. James Monroe, aligned with the conservative wing of the party, favored maintaining some of Hamilton's economic policies while advocating for western expansion and stronger diplomatic ties with France. The Federalists nominate a Presidential ticket consisting of President John Marshall and former New York Governor John Jay. President John Marshall, representing the judicial-minded moderate wing, advocated for strengthening federal courts and maintaining Hamilton's economic system while softening some of its more controversial aspects. Former Governor John Jay, leading the conservative traditionalist faction, emphasized stability and closer ties with Britain.

Democratic-Republican Nominees

Presidential Nominee: Governor George Clinton of New York

George Clinton, a prominent Anti-Federalist turned Democratic-Republican, was a strong advocate for states' rights and limited federal power. As a long-serving Governor of New York, he initially opposed the ratification of the Constitution, fearing it would create too powerful a central government at the expense of state sovereignty. Clinton was particularly concerned about protecting the rights of small farmers and local interests against what he saw as the encroachment of wealthy merchants and banking interests. He strongly opposed the creation of a national bank and advocated for strict constitutional interpretation. Clinton believed in maintaining a citizen militia rather than a standing army and was skeptical of extensive foreign alliances. He supported free trade and opposed protective tariffs that he believed favored northern manufacturing interests over agricultural ones. Throughout his career, Clinton remained a consistent voice for democratic principles and local governance, often opposing Federalist policies that he believed concentrated too much power in federal hands.

Governor George Clinton of New York

Vice-Presidential Nominee: Former Governor James Monroe of Virginia

James Monroe, aligned with the Democratic-Republican party, represented a bridge between the revolutionary generation and the new era of American politics. His political beliefs centered on national unity and territorial expansion, as evidenced by his famous Monroe Doctrine which opposed European colonization in the Americas. Monroe supported a moderate interpretation of federal power, seeking to balance states' rights with national interests. He favored internal improvements and infrastructure development, though he believed they should be undertaken with constitutional amendments when necessary. Monroe supported the Second Bank of the United States and advocated for a strong national defense. His presidency marked the "Era of Good Feelings," characterized by reduced partisan tensions and a focus on national unity. On slavery, while personally opposing it, he sought compromise solutions like the Missouri Compromise to maintain national harmony. Monroe's foreign policy emphasized American independence and continental expansion while avoiding European entanglements.

Former Governor James Monroe of Virginia

Federalist Nominees

Presidential Nominee: President John Marshall of Virginia

John Marshall, a prominent Federalist and legal mind, advocated for a strong federal judiciary and broad interpretation of the Constitution's Commerce Clause. He supported vigorous protection of property rights and contract obligations while believing in a robust federal government capable of promoting national economic development. Marshall favored strengthening ties with Great Britain and maintaining neutrality in European conflicts. On domestic issues, he supported Hamilton's financial system and believed in promoting internal improvements through federal action. His political philosophy emphasized the need for a strong central government to unite the diverse interests of the states and protect individual rights through consistent application of federal law.

President John Marshall of Virginia

Vice-Presidential Nominee: Former Governor John Jay of New York

John Jay, a leading Federalist and architect of the Jay Treaty, strongly supported peaceful relations with Great Britain and advocated for commercial expansion. His political philosophy emphasized strong central authority and national unity over state sovereignty. Jay believed in protecting property rights and maintaining social order through strong institutions. He supported Hamilton's financial policies and advocated for a robust federal judiciary. On domestic issues, Jay favored gradual abolition of slavery (having supported this in New York) while maintaining a conservative approach to social change. He believed in the importance of commercial treaties and international law in securing American interests.

Former Governor John Jay of New York

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Who was the better President?

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Top Comment decides next president: Name, Term, Homestate, Party, (If applicable, cause of death) must be specified.

NOTE: CAUSE OF DEATH IS NOT OBLIGATORY!

LIST SO FAR:
1789-1797: George Washington (Independent - Virginia)
1799-1801:Thomas Jefferson (Federalist - Virginia), cause of death : Pancreatic Cancer

Political Necessity

As it became apparent that the practice of having a President and Vice President of different parties was not the most efficient method of governing, on top of the growing partisanship of the nation, proposals for a new Amendment to the Constitution involving the electoral process began gaining popularity. Two primary camps for what the Amendment should be have risen.

Proposal One

Proposed initially in 1797, this version of the Amendment would allow electors to cast separate, distinct ballots for the Presidency and Vice Presidency; instead of casting 2 votes without specifying them for President or Vice President. The separate ballots for President and Vice President would keep each elector's 2 votes, as well as give the Congress more power to decide the President of the Senate.

This Amendment would allow for the House to hold a Contingent election for the Presidency should two or more candidates tie in Electoral Votes, or should no candidate pass the majority threshold, between the top two candidates. The same rules apply to the Senate and the Vice Presidency.

The Vice Presidency since John Hancock became the first has evolved already beyond Constitutional duties, to include the more traditional duty of facilitating orderly debate and keeping a report with the Senate. Congressmen that support keeping this alive are more likely to back this version of the Amendment. Notable supporters include Thomas Jefferson and James Madison.

Proposal Two

The newer proposal of the two, this version of the Amendment, would allow electors to cast 1 vote for a joint-ticket for President and Vice President; instead of casting 2 votes without specifying for either President or Vice President. This would allow for a more unified and agreeable President and Vice President, to better and more efficiently work together. Notable supporters of this proposal include former President Thomas Pinckney, Senator Aaron Burr, and General Alexander Hamilton.

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 The Heart of Europa

The flag of the Danubian Federation, made by Raffly23

See Raffly23's lore post about the DF's unique rifle: //www.reddit.com/r/Presidentialpoll/comments/1da799h/an_overview_of_manchuria_taiwan_philippines_and/

Starting from the second half of the 2nd century, Germanic tribes began to expand their territory at the expense of the Roman Empire. In the 8th century, Charlemagne, King of France and self-proclaimed Emperor of the (defunct) Roman Empire founded the Ostmark settlement in the Danube Valley. The name was later changed to Österreich, which means the Eastern Realm - that is, Austria.

In the 13th century, the House of Habsburg began to rule in Austria, and they are the longest uninterrupted dynasty in human history, for even nowadays, they continue to rule the state of Austria, which is an integral part of the Danubian Federation. This is a tremendous achievement, especially in light of the fact that Austria did not avoid both world wars, unlike younger kingdoms such as Sweden. The conquest of large areas with a rich history of their own, such as Hungary and Croatia, led to the prosperity of the metropole, albeit at those nations’ expense. Hungary, for example, is landlocked, but the Danube that runs through it gives it access to the shipping lanes it needs. It could be claimed that its capital, Budapest, is a port city for all intents and purposes, as one can set off from it to destinations such as Bratislava, Vienna, Linz, and even all the way to the Black Sea. The region's landscapes are varied; from broad, green, fertile plains, to rolling hills and the stately Alps and Carpathians.

The local unification process began in 1848, with Emperor Franz Joseph I's ascension. His reign saw the establishment of the Austro-Hungarian Dual Monarchy, as an attempt to placate the restive Hungarian people, after a series of military defeats undermined the Austrian Empire’s post-1848 neo-absolutist policy. Before Franz Josef himself was born, his mother underwent a series of treatments in the springs and salt water in Bad Ischl, a healing and recreational place for German and Austrian aristocracy. There the ''Kaiser Villa'' was established, in a place that was declared as "Heaven on Earth". Indeed, the description fit - the place was green and pastoral, and considered a tourist gem both in summer and winter by the tourists of the industrialized world. Unfortunately, the place was bombed at least 17 times in both world wars, and the attempt to rebuild this little paradise is a parallel to the story of the Danubian Federation after World War II.

After Emperor Charles I, the hero of the Great War, died in 1930, the Austro-Hungarian Empire entered a crisis when the new emperor, Otto I, was forced to agree to another compromise and officially include Croatia in the new name of the Austro-Hungarian-Croatian Empire (or the Triune Monarchy for short) and grant exorbitant benefits for the non-Austrians to retain some control as the world approached a new world war. However, this led to unrest among the Hungarian political class, who did not like this further dilution of their influence. Tensions culminated in the Second Declaration of Hungarian Independence.

Austria’s attempt to save the unity of the realm led to the Second World War, as Germany sent its forces to annex Austria and take advantage of the shifting geopolitics, while Italy tried to stop Germany. Therefore, the Empire played a key role in world history and changed humanity's collective destiny forever, while breathing its own dying breath.

In a stark contrast to Austro-Hungary's impressive military legacy in the Great War, the various countries that used to compose it were secondary participants after the start of the battles in WW2 between the Grand Alliance and the Pact of Iron, as each occupied, looted, and retreated from the region after the other side repelled them. In the end, the longer reign of the Pact led to unimaginable cruelty dwarfing the previous suffering, and the citizens happily accepted the Deutsches Heer forces which liberated Central and Eastern Europe towards the end of the war.

The nuclear annihilation of the German Empire and the entry of American troops posed new questions from the tired people of the region, but Secretary of State Joseph Grew realized that there was a historic opportunity, what with the urgent local need to accept American arbitration to gain access to the Grew plan. The successful British attempt to unify the Baltic nations into a federal union led to a series of American ambitious ideas and plans being floated around, as both sides went to redraw post-war Europe.

One of these won out: the Czech, Slovak, Slovene, Hungarian, Croatian, Triestine, and Austrian states would be unified into a new federation, with a common citizenship and foreign policy, while the project of the Merriam administration to create an additional, second supranational union between Poland Ukraine and Romania, failed.

Although it was founded on an American initiative, the occupying forces of Europe were diverted from it as its situation worsened, and American diplomats gave it complete independence as their attention shifted towards other concerns in Europe and the world. This created a mutual recognition of neutrality, which was accepted owing to the American need to establish its sphere of influence with more critical countries, and the British (and later Atlantic) need to recognize neutrality to prevent further American growth.

Geographically positioned close to the Atlantic Union and American Eastern Europe, the Danubian Federation was careful to avoid being pulled into either the U.S. or AU camp, even as pressure from both superpowers intensified and light sympathy for AU indirectly with the guiding spirit of Otto I. As a certain important voice in the way of a legitimization of the past and direct continuation of the previous Imperial governments of the region, despite being the head of state and not even the head of government in Austria, he has no direct relation to the wider federal government. Still, Otto is known for his internal fondness for World Federalism even before World War II (which he tends not to talk about publicly), that helped to flourish an internal debate on whether to continue neutrality or lean (and how much) to AU. In any case, any attempt in parliament to even come close to the idea of ​​applying or showing support to the Atlantic bloc has failed miserably, and an overwhelming cross-ideological intraparty majority supports continued neutrality in the Cold War.

With Russia’s western territories occupied by international forces and its chaotic East threatening to spill instability westward, the Federation embarked on a civil defense initiative. Recognizing the potential for the Atlantic Union or the United States to inadvertently pull it into yet another global conflict, the Federation fortified its borders and invested heavily in civilian readiness programs. Urban areas saw the construction of air raid shelters and bomb-resistant infrastructure, while citizens participated in frequent preparedness drills. By the turn of the 1950s into the 1960s, The Danubian Federal Army evolved from a modest national guard into a well-trained, highly disciplined force. The role given to federal forces is primarily territorial defense, with a mission to protect Danubian sovereignty while minimizing projecting power beyond its borders. Equipped with a mix of locally manufactured and imported equipment from both superpowers, its forces underwent rigorous training to counter both conventional and asymmetric threats, particularly in case of incursions from either direction, be it east or west. The Danubian Air Defense Network, a strategic partnership with other neutral states on the continent such as Switzerland, utilized radar systems and anti-aircraft technologies to survey and protect joint airspace, and monitor nuclear warhead deployments in Europe and the world. At the peak of this initiative ''Duck und Deckung'', a famous TV advertisement was created in 1956, where a cartoon turtle named Friedrich educated the public, especially children, about how to protect themselves in case of an atomic bombing.

The Steyr Mannlicher StG 55A1, made by Raffly23

At the same historical time, The Federation’s geographic position made it an ideal hub for trade and logistics, especially as U.S.-imposed tariffs and sanctions aimed (unsuccessfully) to choke the Atlantic Union's economy. Danubian leadership capitalized on this, positioning the country as a trade bridge between Eastern and Western Europe and remaining one of the few remaining European nations that was not an official American ally, yet still traded with the United States. Despite the AU’s economic dominance in Western Europe and increasing influence throughout the world, the Federation remained a critical conduit for goods traveling between the blocs, leveraging its infrastructure along the Danube River and its central position to become a bustling trade center as it used contacts from the American Eastern Europe in nations such as Poland to increase its commerce. Thus, Europe soared back to life, albeit under the constant fear of nuclear winter and warfare.

To mitigate potential economic fallout if one superpower decides to boycott it, the Federation proactively diversified its trading partnerships as well as trying to indirectly show its importance to Europe and global economic needs. New trade pacts with neighboring neutral nations like the autonomous Russian territories and increasingly friendly Switzerland provided a buffer against future economic sanctions, ensuring access to vital imports and reliable export markets. This economic resilience empowered the Danubian Federation to weather trade shocks and maintain an unparalleled level of independence and detachment among the US and AU Cold War-era states.

Still, the tense global atmosphere could not be avoided, as the Danubian Federation became a hotbed for espionage, attracting agents from both the Atlantic Union and the United States. Vienna's (and in some small cases, other cities such as Budapest) streets, cafes, and government offices were filled with operatives and informants from both superpowers, each side eager to secure an advantage in this politically neutral territory. Embassy compounds on both sides bustled with "diplomats" who, in reality, served as intelligence officers conducting reconnaissance and networking with potential assets. As the Danubians tried to uphold strict policies against espionage on its soil, The OSS and its rival agencies perfected their craft to avoid detection. To communicate covertly, agents on both sides relied on an array of espionage tools: dead drops hidden in alleyways, encrypted radio messages sent from discrete locations, and cover identities supported by falsified paperwork. On occasion, even the opera houses or concert halls served as inconspicuous venues where operatives could pass messages while blending in with local patrons. The Danubian capital thus took on an air of intrigue of its own, where the ordinary business of daily life coexisted with covert intelligence exchanges. Residents grew accustomed to seeing the occasional foreigner loitering by a statue or bench, and whispers of “spies in the city” circulated in local gossip. While most residents of the city remained loyal to their government, some were drawn into the espionage world, tempted by financial incentives or ideological alignments, and others simply took pride in knowing their city held such a central role in the global power struggle with new legendary tales created daily, yet never to be told.

Budapest, 1955

I'll get you

"Nu Pagadi" went on air in 1960 after several scandals and difficulties. To begin with, the budget allocated by the Russian Reconstruction Directorate to its Ministry of Culture was marginal. Additionally, the Directorate preferred to deal with more practical issues like rebuilding Western Russia's infrastructure instead of abstract cultural ones. After all, what's the point of TV shows when there's no bread and butter at home, argued the Directorate staff. Despite various ideas developed for the series such as a wolf and a rabbit that would run away from him as the 2 main characters in various humoristic scenarios, eventually, the creators settled on an idea featuring a wolf and a wise rooster, whose intelligence and comments on the natural world would resonate with the Russian public, which sought to reconnect with its past and the Russian natural environment after WW2.

Originally, only one episode was planned, revolving around an anti-bullying message; but, after the great success of the episode, when it was discovered that the easy-to-understand humor and the colorful contents were like air for the suffering Russian people, it was decided to continue the production of at least five seasons.

The wolf is dubbed by Vladimir Vysotsky, a young ambitious singer, whose father also was a famous musician during the upheavals of the Russian Republic and later the dreaded Russian State, and was imprisoned by the Vozhd due to his anti-government lyrics and spoke in favor of the liberalization of the economy and society. The wolf was also designed to look similar to his voice actor. At the end of each episode, even though he starts as the antagonist, the wolf learns a valuable lesson from his friend/rival the rooster, and slowly becomes a better person, leaving his past ways behind for a better future for himself and the other animal.

A common scene throught the TV series, as the rooster lectures the wolf.

Background

President Hamilton's second term was marked by significant expansion of the national banking system and increased federal oversight of commerce, continuing his vision of a strong central government. Despite maintaining high popularity among Federalists and moderate Democratic-Republicans for his economic policies, Hamilton honored George Washington's two-term precedent and declined to seek a third term, announcing his decision in early 1804. However, his presidency was cut tragically short when he was fatally wounded in a duel with former Vice President Aaron Burr on July 12, 1804, in Weehawken, New Jersey, following years of political rivalry and personal animosity. Vice President John Marshall ascended to the presidency, becoming the nation's third president. The 1804 Federalist nomination contest featured six prominent candidates: President John Marshall, Secretary of State Charles Cotesworth Pinckney, former Governor John Jay, former Secretary of State John Adams, former Secretary of War Henry Knox, former Minister to the United Kingdom Rufus King; resulting in President John Marshall securing the Federalist Presidential Nomination. The Federalist Nomination came down to 4 different candidates. Former Governor John Jay, leading the conservative traditionalist faction, emphasized stability and closer ties with Britain; former Secretary of State John Adams, representing the independent moderate wing, sought to balance federal power with states' rights while maintaining a strong navy; former Secretary of War Henry Knox, appealing to the nationalist wing, advocated for western expansion and military preparedness; and former Minister to the United Kingdom Rufus King, championing the commercial wing, prioritized international trade agreements and urban development, while maintaining Hamilton's financial system.

Presidential Nominee

President John Marshall of Virginia

John Marshall, a prominent Federalist and legal mind, advocated for a strong federal judiciary and broad interpretation of the Constitution's Commerce Clause. He supported vigorous protection of property rights and contract obligations while believing in a robust federal government capable of promoting national economic development. Marshall favored strengthening ties with Great Britain and maintaining neutrality in European conflicts. On domestic issues, he supported Hamilton's financial system and believed in promoting internal improvements through federal action. His political philosophy emphasized the need for a strong central government to unite the diverse interests of the states and protect individual rights through consistent application of federal law.

President John Marshall of Virginia

Candidates

Former Governor John Jay of New York

John Jay, a leading Federalist and architect of the Jay Treaty, strongly supported peaceful relations with Great Britain and advocated for commercial expansion. His political philosophy emphasized strong central authority and national unity over state sovereignty. Jay believed in protecting property rights and maintaining social order through strong institutions. He supported Hamilton's financial policies and advocated for a robust federal judiciary. On domestic issues, Jay favored gradual abolition of slavery (having supported this in New York) while maintaining a conservative approach to social change. He believed in the importance of commercial treaties and international law in securing American interests.

Former Governor John Jay of New York

Former Secretary of State John Adams of Massachusetts

John Adams, a prominent Federalist, strongly advocated for a powerful central government and strict interpretation of the Constitution. He supported a robust national defense and maintained a cautious approach to foreign relations, particularly regarding revolutionary France. Adams believed in the importance of maintaining diplomatic relations with Britain while avoiding entangling alliances. His domestic policies emphasized fiscal responsibility, including support for Hamilton's financial system. He was skeptical of direct democracy and believed in the necessity of strong institutions to check popular passions. Adams supported a strong federal judiciary and advocated for maintaining social order through governmental authority.

Former Secretary of State John Adams of Massachusetts

Former Secretary of War Henry Knox of Massachusetts

Henry Knox, Washington's Secretary of War, was a strong Federalist who advocated for a robust military establishment and national defense system. He supported the creation of a professional standing army and believed in maintaining strong coastal fortifications. Knox favored friendly relations with Britain and was wary of French revolutionary influence. On domestic policy, he supported Hamilton's financial system and believed in strong federal authority to maintain national unity. Knox advocated for fair treatment of Native American tribes while supporting western expansion under federal oversight. He believed in promoting manufacturing and commerce to strengthen the nation's economic independence.

Former Secretary of War Henry Knox

Former Minister to the United Kingdom Rufus King of New York

Rufus King, a prominent Federalist diplomat, supported strong commercial ties with Britain and advocated for American neutrality in European conflicts. He believed in protecting American maritime rights and commercial interests through diplomatic means. King supported Hamilton's financial policies and advocated for a strong national bank. On domestic issues, he opposed slavery and supported gradual emancipation. King believed in promoting education and internal improvements while maintaining fiscal responsibility. His foreign policy views emphasized the importance of building American commercial strength while avoiding European political entanglements.

Former Minister to the United Kingdom Rufus King of New York

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Background

President Hamilton's second term was marked by significant expansion of the national banking system and increased federal oversight of commerce, continuing his vision of a strong central government. Despite maintaining high popularity among Federalists and moderate Democratic-Republicans for his economic policies, Hamilton honored George Washington's two-term precedent and declined to seek a third term, announcing his decision in early 1804. However, his presidency was cut tragically short when he was fatally wounded in a duel with former Vice President Aaron Burr on July 12, 1804, in Weehawken, New Jersey, following years of political rivalry and personal animosity. Vice President John Marshall ascended to the presidency, becoming the nation's third president. The Democratic-Republican nomination contest for the 1804 election became a heated battle between four prominent figures: Thomas Jefferson, James Madison, James Monroe, and George Clinton; resulting in George Clinton securing. The Democratic-Republican Vice-Presidential nomination contest came down to 3 different candidates. Thomas Jefferson, representing the strict constructionist wing, advocated for limited federal power and stronger state autonomy, while championing the rights of small farmers and opposing Hamilton's banking system; James Madison, from the moderate wing, supported a balanced approach between state and federal powers while emphasizing the need for gradual economic reforms and cautious foreign policy; and James Monroe, aligned with the conservative wing of the party, favored maintaining some of Hamilton's economic policies while advocating for western expansion and stronger diplomatic ties with France.

Presidential Nominee

Governor George Clinton of New York

George Clinton, a prominent Anti-Federalist turned Democratic-Republican, was a strong advocate for states' rights and limited federal power. As a long-serving Governor of New York, he initially opposed the ratification of the Constitution, fearing it would create too powerful a central government at the expense of state sovereignty. Clinton was particularly concerned about protecting the rights of small farmers and local interests against what he saw as the encroachment of wealthy merchants and banking interests. He strongly opposed the creation of a national bank and advocated for strict constitutional interpretation. Clinton believed in maintaining a citizen militia rather than a standing army and was skeptical of extensive foreign alliances. He supported free trade and opposed protective tariffs that he believed favored northern manufacturing interests over agricultural ones. Throughout his career, Clinton remained a consistent voice for democratic principles and local governance, often opposing Federalist policies that he believed concentrated too much power in federal hands.

Governor George Clinton of New York

Candidates

Former Secretary of State Thomas Jefferson of Virginia

Thomas Jefferson, a renowned Democratic-Republican, championed a vision of America built upon the foundations of individual liberty and limited federal government. He strongly advocated for strict interpretation of the Constitution, believing that federal power should be carefully constrained to protect state sovereignty and individual rights. Jefferson promoted an agrarian republic, viewing farmers as the backbone of American democracy and opposing the Federalists' emphasis on urbanization and industrialization. He supported free trade, opposed the national bank, and advocated for reducing the national debt. In foreign policy, Jefferson favored neutrality in European affairs while maintaining commercial relationships. He believed in public education and religious freedom, famously authoring the Virginia Statute for Religious Freedom. Jefferson's political philosophy emphasized decentralized government power, with states maintaining significant autonomy, and he consistently opposed the Alien and Sedition Acts as unconstitutional restrictions on civil liberties.

Former Secretary of State Thomas Jefferson of Virginia

Former Representative James Madison of Virginia

James Madison, often called the "Father of the Constitution," shared many political beliefs with his close ally Thomas Jefferson. As a Democratic-Republican, Madison advocated for a careful balance between federal and state powers, having played a crucial role in drafting both the Constitution and the Bill of Rights. He believed in a federal government strong enough to defend national interests but limited enough to protect individual liberties. Madison initially opposed the creation of a national bank but later moderated his stance, recognizing the need for certain federal institutions. He supported free trade and opposed protective tariffs, believing they favored manufacturing interests over agricultural ones. In foreign policy, Madison initially preferred peaceful economic coercion over military action, though he later led the country through the War of 1812. He strongly opposed state-sponsored religion and supported a clear separation of church and state. Madison's political philosophy emphasized the importance of checks and balances and the need to prevent any single faction from dominating government.

Former Representative James Madison of Virginia

Former Governor James Monroe of Virginia

James Monroe, aligned with the Democratic-Republican party, represented a bridge between the revolutionary generation and the new era of American politics. His political beliefs centered on national unity and territorial expansion, as evidenced by his famous Monroe Doctrine which opposed European colonization in the Americas. Monroe supported a moderate interpretation of federal power, seeking to balance states' rights with national interests. He favored internal improvements and infrastructure development, though he believed they should be undertaken with constitutional amendments when necessary. Monroe supported the Second Bank of the United States and advocated for a strong national defense. His presidency marked the "Era of Good Feelings," characterized by reduced partisan tensions and a focus on national unity. On slavery, while personally opposing it, he sought compromise solutions like the Missouri Compromise to maintain national harmony. Monroe's foreign policy emphasized American independence and continental expansion while avoiding European entanglements.

Former Governor James Monroe of Virginia

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Top Comment decides next president: Name, Term, Homestate, Party, (If applicable, cause of death) must be specified.

LIST SO FAR:
1789-1797: George Washington (Independent - Virginia)

*Please read the information before voting!*

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George Washington (b. 1732) Incumbent President - Independent

The founding document of the United States was ratified by the colonies over the course of several years under the eye of unanimously elected leader George Washington, commander in chief of the army and navy, as the new republic had finally placed itself upon the global specter. Leading a successful revolution against the British Empire, the founding fathers were brought together to create the Constitution, establishing a democratic system of government. The unanimously elected George Washington's title was debated upon by the members of Congress, but the title of "President" was agreed upon by William Maclay and James Madison. Washington elected a bipartisan cabinet of Northern centralizers such as Alexander Hamilton and Henry Knox, and Southern agrarians such as Thomas Jefferson and Edmund Randolph. The divide between the two groups would eventually result in the creation of political parties, and Washington would eventually decide to run for a second term as President in order to keep the states in order. He was still highly beloved, with the exception of radicals such as Benjamin Franklin Bache, so his re-election was considered to be unanimous, however the position of his second-in-command was up for competition.

The Candidates:

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John Adams (b. 1735) Incumbent Vice President - Federalist Party

Adams was elected as Washington's deputy as he had little to do but bear the brunt of the press's attacks of the Federalist policies. As the title of the commander-in-chief was being decided, Adams suggested the idea of "His Highness" and was mocked by Senator William Maclay as his congressional colleagues for the next few weeks. Adams is a short-tempered man who has made enemies easily with his brash quotes, such as suggesting "the country would be better off if it were ruled by the rich, the well-born and the able". He is likely to be re-elected, even as the country is expected to have low voter turnout this year. Despite his flaws, John Adams has had decades of experience serving in government as an attorney, a delegate to the Continental Congress, and as the cousin to revolutionary leader Samuel Adams.

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Aaron Burr (b. 1756) Senator from New York - Democratic-Republican Party

Aaron Burr is one of the leading figures in New York policies, soon beginning to rival his colleague Hamilton himself. In 1791 he defeated Hamilton's father-in-law for the New York Senate seat. He declined a third party campaign in the 1792 New York gubernatorial race, which governor George Clinton lost to now-resigned Chief Justice John Jay. He is a much more moderate member of the Anti-Federalists, not stating his opinion on the National Bank. At the age of 36, he is very young compared to other Founding Fathers, studying law after leaving his birthplace of New Jersey. He was selected by Madison to win the votes of the New York State Legislature, which has an Anti-Federalist majority.

The monkey's paw curls. Choose wisely.

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*Please read the information before voting!*

Opposition to the United States Constitution was held by many figures of revolutionary America, who formed a block known as the "Anti-Administration" faction who nominated James Madison, a representative from Virginia, as their leader. In 1791, Madison left the Pro-Administration majority rule as his ideological divide with Alexander Hamilton grew, the man who led the economic system of the young country. Hamilton used his Federalist Party's majority over Congress to influence Washington to have the federal government assume the debts of the states, and eventually to start up a national bank. Representatives from Virginia and Georgia were outraged by this, and threatened to secede from the Union. The issue would eventually be solved at a dinner between the three rising figures of the country: Jefferson, Madison, and Hamilton, in a deal for the states of the South to agree to the banking bill in exchange for a U.S. Capitol, later known as the District of Columbia, to be placed in Virginia.

The Pro-Administration Party, led by figures Vice President John Adams and Treasury Secretary Alexander Hamilton, have nominated representative Jonathan Trumbull Jr. as their candidate to rule over Congress. The party supports a commercial and industrial society, as well as good relations with the British Empire. Their system of democracy involves the government being ruled by the well-educated property owners, as Hamilton has called the common people "a great beast" in an uncontrolled moment.

The Anti-Administration Party has slowly moved to support the ratification of the U.S. Constitution after the addition of the Bill of Rights. Led by Secretary of State Thomas Jefferson and representative James Madison, they have nominated Frepresentative and Pro-Administration former speaker of the House Frederick Muhlenberg as a show of unity against what they believe to be "Federalist aristocracy". They support a rural America and an agrarian society, but are divided upon the issue of slavery.

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2032 Democratic Primaries - Round 5

The next few primaries came and went, and Secretary Whitmer has pulled ahead. While Secretary Buttigieg started off rather strong, it seems that his campaign started to slow down. Regardless, President Harris and Vice President Walz hit the campaign trail with him these past few weeks. We have yet to see whether or not this will carry Buttigieg to victory though.

We’ve also seen Senator Andy Beshear of Kentucky’s campaign speed up and pick up more delegates than he did previously. It seems that the moderate wing of the Democratic Party has coalesced around their candidate and are starting to propel him forward. Even with this happening, Secretary of Labor Gretchen Whitmer has maintained the lead in polling and in delegates. While Senator Ossoff has strong support in the South, he doesn’t share that kind of support around the nation. Will Senator Ossoff be motivated to drop out? Only time will tell.

Candidates

Let’s meet the candidates.

Secretary of State Pete Buttigieg - IN - 551

Secretary Buttigieg has been called “Maybe the most effective Democrat in our time” by Politico. Secretary Buttigeg has really defined many of his positions over the past few years. Since his start as President Biden’s Secretary of Transportation to becoming President Harris’s Secretary of Housing and Urban Development and now being her Secretary of State, Buttigieg has really had time to flesh out his own positions and tow the Democratic line. Secretary Buttigieg is well known for dismantling Republican talking points with finesse, but he would be another first for the Democratic Party. Secretary Buttigieg has already made history as the first out LGBTQ+ person in the Cabinet and if nominated and winning, he would make history as the first LGBTQ+ President. This, in combination with only holding 1 elected position ever, worries the Democratic establishment. Secretary Buttigieg is extremely popular among the youth though, and he frequently campaigns when he isn’t abroad.

Senator Jon Ossoff - GA - 332

A Southern Democrat running for President hasn’t happened in a while, but maybe that’s what the Democratic Party needs. Senator Ossoff is from Georgia and has handily won his past few elections. Senator Ossoff is quite popular among the younger people as well, and his own youth makes it much easier for him to campaign. Senator Ossoff, like Buttigieg, sits on the more progressive or liberal wing of the Democratic Party, which might be harder for him to appeal to moderates. Senator Ossoff is a White man though, which could be great after 8 years of a woman of color in the top office. Some in the Democratic establishment feel that moving in this direction may help the party appeal to more people than nominating another candidate that would make history. Senator Ossoff has been extremely vocal about fighting to raise the minimum wage even higher to $15 an hour, which is something that no other candidate has spoken out on yet. His appeal could be limited, but it could also be very broad. Many don’t really know what to expect from Senator Ossoff, but that might be helpful.

Senator Andy Beshear - KY - 327

Senator Beshear of Kentucky is one of the most moderate members of the Democratic Party, which is how he has managed to win statewide elections in Kentucky for years. Senator Beshear is most well known for taking the infamous Mitch McConnell’s seat in the Senate after McConnell suddenly died. Senator Beshear is full of enthusiasm and positivity, which is what the Democratic Party has relied on the past 8 years. He may be able to appeal to moderates and even some Republicans, but he is unpopular among the liberal wing of the Democratic Party. Senator Beshear is well liked enough among the establishment, and there isn’t really anything controversial or exciting about Beshear. He has been a strong advocate for protecting abortion rights, which has captured many women’s attention.

Secretary of Labor Gretchen Whitmer - MI - 684

Secretary Whitmer was appointed in 2027 following the 2026 Michigan Gubernatorial election, where she was term limited. Secretary Whitmer has been called “Roberta Reich”, drawing comparison between her and former Secretary of Labor Robert Reich, for using her office to push through policy that helped workers. Secretary Whitmer was the main driving force behind the minimum wage being raised to $12 and passing legislation that expanded the jurisdiction of the National Labor Relations Board, but unfortunately that act was shot down by the Supreme Court. Secretary Whitmer, like former Governor Moore, has a sizable online presence and she is popular within the Black community, which many outside of DC and Detroit don’t seem to understand. Secretary Whitmer would be a popular pick, but, again, a woman running again may just exhaust the electorate.

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1960: Kennedy

1964: Goldwater

1968: Nixon

1972: Nixon

1976: Ford

1980: Reagan

1984: Reagan

1988: Bush

1992: Perot

1996: Dole

2000: Bush

2004: Bush

2008: McCain

2012: Romney

2016: Trump

2020: Trump

2024: Trump

This is not the same one! In order to have your scenario become part of the lore it has to be the most upvoted lore comment. You also have to write scenarios for if each candidate wins. Chris Sununu/Andrew Yang (Revisionary) were president and VP, but I assume they retired after one term!

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