Hello I recently found a quote regarding Ancient Egypt and Punt, where the author states that Egyptians considered Punt to be their homeland because they didnt use the determinative for a foreign land when spelling "Punt"

I cant read mdu ntr so I figure that I would ask you if you know, here is a excerpt of the book;

"As the name Punt is always described in the official Egyptian texts without the determinative of a foreign country or land"

"PUNT AND PUNTITES AE DEPICTED IN THE ANCIENT EGYPTIAN MONUMENTS" - R.K Sinha, 1983, p.g 594-596.

So my question is specifically about the use of the determinative in the spelling of "Punt" and if you could give examples of other instances where Egyptians used the determinative for foreign lands, such as Asia, Greece, Nubia etc, thanks.

Hello I have two questions regarding this quote:

"The minting of coinage itself is evidence of Aksum's position of supreme commercial power, and it issued coins for more than three hundred years. The state was centred at the city of Aksum, and its power is amply illustrated by the monuments erected there. More than 160 stelae, Aksum's most famous monumental structures, are known today. The largest, known as "ST I", was some 33 metres in height, and is carved from a single block of granite some 520 tonnes in weight; this surpasses in scale the largest Egyptian obelisk ever erected. The largest stela still upright and in situ, "ST 3", stands over 20 metres high from the bottom of its false door.

[...] The kings themselves probably lived in some of the huge stone-built palaces excavated at Aksum, which stood up to three storeys in height. [...] Even more enigmatic is a large ankh sign deeply carved on the side of a rough stela at Aksum (see image)."

[...] "Thus, some details of ancient Egyptian religious practice [...] continue to find a late echo in modern Ethiopian Christianity. The bible and other holy texts, for instance, are written in two colours of ink, red and black. Red was (and still is) employed for titles and holy utterances, and black for the ordinary words, as it was in ancient Egyptian texts. Ethiopian church ritual also includes extensive use of the closed sistrum, similar to that used in ancient Egypt. The Ethiopian calendar, still in use today, is divided into thirteen months - twelve each of thirty days, and one of five, a system also followed in ancient Egypt."

"Punt and Aksum: Egypt and the Horn of Africa" - Jacke Phillips, 1997, pg. 452.

1. Is it true that Axums obelisk is greater than any obelisk in Ancient Egypt? If so how do you believe Axumites learned to do this?

2. How significant would the "ankh" sign that was found on the obelisk be? Does this show that the obelisk in Egypt and Axum has some sort of connection?

Wondering how music functioned socially in Ancient Egypt. Would it have been performed/listened to as entertainment, or functioned more as part of ritual? Obviously there’s a lot of overlap and this would’ve depended on class/regional contexts and time period etc…

Also interested if there are any examples of preserved music that’s been recorded by modern musicians

https://preview.redd.it/8bnd1mbl8dge1.png?width=631&format=png&auto=webp&s=f0c43421c51b6a317d3c06778694eeea6adc3e10

Does anyone know who owns this book of the dead? Credits to u/zsl545 for the translation, where the man is titled "Overseer of the Scribes of the Treasury of the temple of Amun" and his name begins with "Pa" . Thank you!

Were the tombs looted soon after burial? Did the pharaohs know it was happening?

Of course some of them must have but how common were atheism or agnostic atitudes towards their own gods, and how controversial was it to not believe in them? (Socrates in Greece for example was executed partly on the the charge that he didn't believe in the gods, despite denying that). I'm sure this changed over time, and rituals and government positions must have been pretty conservative, but what about the average people?

I am guessing it has to do with her duality in both death (connection to Osiris) and life (as a mother goddess, she definitely embodied life), as well as being part of one of the most important myths of not the most important one.

But why (and how) did she become more popular than, let's say, Amun, Ra, Hathor, Sekhmet or Baset?

She did conflate with all other goddesses (although some like Hathor retained some level of individuality, so to say), what's the reason behind that? How could she embody things do different like beauty (Hathor) hunt (Satis) war (Sekhmet) water (Anuqet) and so on and so forth...?

Could we speak of henotheism? Being Isis the "all supreme" deity while some others existed indeed, and could be worshipped?

I had no knowledge of their existence and intriguing function. This article explores the purpose, collection, and value they hold to these days: https://www.storiesofartandhistory.com/post/shabti-dolls-an-afterlife-changing-discovery

I'm looking to get a book on Ancient Egyptian history, and I found these two by Oxford. Does anyone know what the differences are between these two books?

https://www.barnesandnoble.com/w/the-oxford-history-of-ancient-egypt-ian-shaw/1107873443?ean=9780192802934

https://www.barnesandnoble.com/w/the-oxford-history-of-ancient-egypt-ian-shaw/1116790707?ean=9780192804587

The one with illustrated in the title was published two years before the other one and seems to be more expensive with a few more pages.

Does it have extra illustrations or something? Is the written material the same between both or is the newer one more up to date?

Is anyone aware of any pictures of the inside of the black pyramid besides those taken by Colin Reader and published by Keith Hamilton? I’m compiling a definitive guide on the inside and want pictures of every room. I’ve found Unearthed and Odyssey documentaries that go through the inside and I’ve extracted enhanced images of a large chunk of the inside and managed to piece them together and figure out where they go, but still found myself missing a few sections.

I’ve circled the sections I’m missing images of, but anything at all would be helpful to both verify where I put everything and just have more data. I’m aware of some additional pictures of the kings chamber, but I have enough of those.

Once I’ve completed my work, I’ll dump all the images I rendered for the community to enjoy. It’s close to a hundred and should be sometime next week.

Dudes waiting for there turn. This is from the tomb of Userhat. Userhat was a priest in the mortuary cults of both Amenhotep III and Tutankhamun.

Ptah-Sokar-Osiris

Egypt, New Kingdom, Dynasties 18th thru 20th, ca. 1500 to 1200 BCE

This figure represents the Egyptian god of resurrection, standing in a tightly fitted mummiform garment and wearing a tripartite wig. A separately crafted, removable feather and horn headdress rests atop his head, complemented by a detachable base. Beautiful and unique example.

Can have mythology in it, I wanna see suggestions from all ideas

are there any depictions out there of what it might’ve looked like? i believe it was a leisure spot for pharaohs in ancient egypt

https://preview.redd.it/v700afm9jtfe1.png?width=1000&format=png&auto=webp&s=c9122d1fc97423575d63ffa35cc9beaf32fe7048

Is the figure a general creator god or is it Atum? From the Book of Earth, Tomb of Rameses V
Also, I read a description of this shows the god creating the 12 hours of the day, is there any historical truth to that?
Thank you!

When i searched up who made tefnut and shu it either says Atum or ra and when I read about the creation myth about tefnut and shu their saying Ra created them so now I'm confused who created them????

Hello this is my "amateur theory" that came to me as a so called lightbulb moment. I would like to share this with you to maybe start a conversation about this topic.

Theory: Biggest stones (in the kings chamber) 70 tons were dragged on a low incline dune/hill (most likely a natural sand dune) up to the height they are now. And while bracing it every step of the way down (while exclavating down to the desired height of the pyramid.) Built (as a tower) down to the desired height and then built around. And also the queens chamber in the same method. As by pictures these 2 are offset and theoretically possible. But the bottom theory is that they started with the largest stones up an "built down" while digging the earth from underneath. (Dont have the specifics on the rest of the building just ideas.) Maybe even this would need a denser soil than sand that it would support the stone above while digging room for the stone that is going underneath.

And to this i think if its "impossible" to take these stones (chamber stones) uphill if the slope is steep with the known technology of the time. (As it would be if started the building from bottom up.) If there is low enough incline and if on the opposite side of the low incline there was a steep hill maybe there could have been a rope system with big counterweights (and godly amount of rope). As well as immense manpower. Making it possible to move these stones up to the height they sit at.

These low incline hills of course would have to be really long and might even have to be built using different kind of soil or even stone slab ramps and log wheels or sand as the "bearings". (If sand is not a good material to drag huge rocks up a sand dune, as it would seem by the way even a persons feet sink if walking on a sand hill.) (And also i have no idea if the stones are interlocked with differential sizing (and or laid like how they lay bricks) or if they are just laid 1 on top of 1 in a horisontal way. Interlocked with different sizes laid like brick walls would maybe help with bracing the building while digging underneath) i could not find any info on the way they have laid out the stones inside of the pyramid.

I know a big undertaking but after the pyramid/pyramids were built the landscape was exclavated flat afterwards. (Not like they did not have the time)

This came to mind when many different times i have heard that the chamber stones are the keystones which tear many theories apart. Such as the use of cranes etc.

Now of course this idea should be expanded on by minds much smarter than myself, as i am not a scientist/historian but a truck driver. And have no means to pursue my theory on this. Nor deeper knowledge on the matter. And of course if you are able to debunk this theory i want to be the first to know. So please expand or debunk.

Fyi im not trying to say this is how they got the chamber stones up. There is alot of holes in this idea (the sand drifting around while digging under the huge stones etc) that if it seem plausible i would like some help in making this valid by expanding or debunking it as a whole.

Hi everyone,
I'm looking for a book that provides an in-depth exploration of Egyptian architecture, focusing on the philosophy behind it and the values it aimed to communicate. Any recommendations would be greatly appreciated!

Thanks in advance!

The Egyptians were the first to make the blue pigment using calcium copper silicate or cuprorivaite and this shade of blue is named after them as "Egyptian blue".

I am not in academia but am an armchair scholar with a YouTube channel.

There is a particular artifact that was dug up in the 90's that is described in an academic paper. I've connected with the authors who are now retired, and they say the artifact is (and always has been) held by the Antiquities Dept of the government (I might have the official name wrong).

Anyway, how would I go about viewing this artifact? I want to make 3d measurements and take better photos than is available from the 1990s paper. I'm hoping that basically for a price, I can reserve a timeslots to view the artifact and take measurements. But maybe that option is only available to sometime associated with a university.